The reasons for increased prevalence aren't entirely known, though the CDC says it's not solely because of better diagnosis. Autism's causes, as well, are still not completely understood, according to Paul Wang, head of medical research for Autism Speaks.
"We're still working on that question," Wang said in an interview. Both genetic and environmental factors have been identified, he said. "We don't have an adequate explanation."
Behavioral therapy, Wang said, is the cornerstone of treatment now. Drug companies have worked in the space, primarily focusing on genetic subsets of Alzheimer's, including a condition known as Fragile X syndrome.
Two drugs have been approved for symptoms associated with autismJohnson & Johnson's Risperdal and Otsuka's Abilifythough they don't get to the core symptoms, Wang said. They can also be associated with side effects, including weight gain.
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"Autism really is a big spectrum," Wang said. It ranges from very mild to kids who are severely affected, "who have severe sensory issues and sometimes medical issues."
There is also a growing focus among some in the community on what's known as neurodiversity, Flinn said, acceptance of neurological differences without the need to treat or cure them.
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After years of research, where we stand on autism