Cancer studies often downplay chemo side effects: study

(Reuters) - Doctors relying on studies published in top journals for guidance on treating women with breast cancer may not be getting the most accurate information, with the side effects of various treatments downplayed, according to a North American study.

"Investigators want to go overboard to make their studies look positive," said Ian Tannock, senior author of the study that appeared in the Annals of Oncology.

In two-thirds of the 164 studies that Tannock and his colleagues scrutinized, that meant not listing serious side effects, whether of chemotherapy, radiation or surgery, in the paper's abstract. Such abstracts summarize the findings, and run a few hundred words.

That's important, said Tannock, at Princess Margaret Hospital in Toronto, because doctors have little time to read.

"Most of us are so damn busy, we only read the abstract and skim the tables and figures," he added.

In fact, a fifth of the studies didn't include serious side effects in results tables, and about a third failed to mention them in either the abstract or the discussion section.

Most surprising, said Tannock, was that in a third of the studies, if the treatment didn't work as well as one might hope, researchers moved the goalposts, reporting results that weren't what the study was originally designed to test.

Often, those so-called "secondary endpoints" may be less important and meaningful. There is a difference, for example, between showing people lived longer overall, or simply lived longer without their cancers coming back.

Cancer research is not the only area where some researchers are concerned.

In November, a group of cardiology journal editors urged authors to watch their language when describing their results, and a month earlier two pediatrics researchers warned of "spin and boasting" in their field's journals.

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Cancer studies often downplay chemo side effects: study