Chapter 36: Cardiac Disorders Nursing School Test Banks …

Chapter 36: Cardiac DisordersLinton: Introduction to Medical-Surgical Nursing, 6th Edition

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. A nurse performs an apical-radial pulse evaluation, with the result of 100/88. What is the pulse deficit?a. 12b. 24c. 76d. 88ANS: ATo detect an apical-radial pulse deficit, the rates should be counted simultaneously and compared for differences. If a difference exists between the apical rate and the radial rate, then a pulse deficit is present. For example, in atrial fibrillation, a pulse deficit exists.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: p. 687 OBJ: 8TOP: Vital Sign Assessment: Pulse DeficitKEY: Nursing Process Step: AssessmentMSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

2. What is increased in hypertension that in turn causes an increase in the work of the heart?a. Preloadb. Stroke volumec. Contractilityd. AfterloadANS: DAn increase blood pressure creates an increase in afterload because the heart must work harder to push the blood out of the left ventricle into the circulating volume.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 685-686 OBJ: 7TOP: Hypertension Effect on Afterload KEY: Nursing Process Step: ImplementationMSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

3. Which heart sound should the nurse record as normal?a. Ventricular gallop in a 20-year-old patientb. Atrial gallop in a 25-year-old patientc. Friction rub in a 45-year-old patientd. Medium diastolic murmur in a 50-year-old patientANS: AVentricular gallops are considered normal in individuals younger than 30 years of age. All other options are pathologic abnormalities.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 688 OBJ: 7TOP: Heart Sound Assessment KEY: Nursing Process Step: AssessmentMSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

4. A 49-year-old patient has multiple risk factors for coronary artery disease. Which risk factor is considered modifiable?a. Family historyb. Agec. Smokingd. Male genderANS: CSmoking, a high-fat diet, hypertension, sedentary lifestyle, and stress are considered modifiable risk factors.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 708 OBJ: 7TOP: Coronary Artery Disease Risk FactorsKEY: Nursing Process Step: AssessmentMSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease

5. A patient asks what a transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) is and what it is expected to do? What is the best explanation by the nurse?a. Measures conductivityb. Records the force of contractionc. Evaluates the efficiency of the valvesd. Checks the volume of the preloadANS: CTEE evaluates the efficiency of the valves.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 689 OBJ: 6TOP: TEE KEY: Nursing Process Step: ImplementationMSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease

6. A nurse records the finding of a normal sinus rhythm (NSR) when the P, Q, R, S, and T are all present in the electrocardiographic complex. What additional information should the nurse document?a. Rate of 82 secondsb. PR interval of 0.36 secondc. QRS complex of 0.16 secondd. Inverted TANS: ANSR requires the presence of P, Q, R, S, and T waves, in that order, and all pointing in the same direction, with a rate of 60 to 100 seconds. Normal intervals are a PR interval of 0.12 to 0.20 seconds and a QRS complex less than 0.10 second.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 730-731 OBJ: 5TOP: Normal Sinus Rhythm KEY: Nursing Process Step: AssessmentMSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

7. A nurse should anticipate that a patient taking Vasotec, an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, should have which positive outcome to this drug?a. Increased fluid retentionb. Decreased blood pressurec. Decreased urine outputd. Increased appetiteANS: BACE inhibitors suppress the excretion of angiotensin, which lowers the blood pressure, reduces fluid retention, and leads to increased urine output.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 696 OBJ: 6TOP: ACE Inhibitors KEY: Nursing Process Step: PlanningMSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological Therapies

8. A 29-year-old patient is to receive cardioversion for a dysrhythmia. What should the nurse instruct the patient to expect?a. Administration of a short-acting sedativeb. Digoxin dose to be taken as scheduledc. Procedure to be completely safed. Pacemaker spikes to be carefully monitoredANS: AA cardioversion has risks, such as ventricular fibrillation. Emergency equipment should be available. The digoxin dose is held before a cardioversion, and the patient is given a short-acting sedative such as Versed or Valium, which will require recovery. The electrocardiogram R wave is synchronized via the computer, and no pacemaker is involved.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 705 OBJ: 6 | 7TOP: Cardioversion KEY: Nursing Process Step: ImplementationMSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort

9. A 68-year-old patient is scheduled for open heart surgery in the morning and is crying. What is the most appropriate response by the nurse?a. Everything will go great! Dr. C. is the best!b. I know how you feel, so do not cry.c. Tell me what concerns you the most.d. I will call the physician for a sedative. You are too upset.ANS: CTherapeutic implementations identify and acknowledge feelings. Do not assume that you know how the patient feels and do not give false assurances.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 707 OBJ: 7 | 9TOP: Open Heart Surgery KEY: Nursing Process Step: ImplementationMSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity: Coping and Adaptation

10. What do fibrous plaques of atherosclerosis serve as when they are laid down in the vessels?a. Stent to keep the vessel openb. Trap to which other substances adherec. Threat to the integrity of the vessel walld. EmbolusANS: BThe plaque surface acts as a trap to which fibrous plaques can adhere, causing more narrowing of the vessel. The enlarging plaque can become a thrombus but not an embolus because emboli are usually considered to be traveling aggregations that lodge in a small arteriole.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 709 OBJ: 7TOP: Atherosclerosis KEY: Nursing Process Step: ImplementationMSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

11. A patient with an irregular sinoatrial (SA) node conduction has a permanent pacemaker with the code AAIOO and is now going home. The patient asks, What happens when my real SA node fires on its own? How should the nurse respond regarding what the pacemaker should do?a. Not fireb. Fire only the ventriclesc. Change the rate of firingd. Fire both the atria and the ventricles.ANS: AThe code is A (chamber-paced) atria, A (sense impulse) atria only, I (inhibit) inhibit firing from the pacemaker, O (rate modification) no rate modification, and O (multichamber) no other chambers to be stimulated by the pacemaker. If the SA fires on its own, the pacemaker does nothing until it fails to sense an impulse.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 615 OBJ: 7 | 9TOP: Permanent Pacemaker Care KEY: Nursing Process Step: ImplementationMSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease

12. A patient with angina pectoris complains of chest pain at rest and needs to take three nitroglycerin (NTG) pills to relieve the pain. Of what should the nurse assess this as a major symptom?a. Stable anginab. Unstable anginac. Full-blown acute myocardial infarction (MI)d. Pulmonary embolusANS: BA patient with angina who has pain at rest that is not relieved with one NTG pill is considered to have unstable angina, a precursor to an acute MI.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 688 OBJ: 7TOP: Unstable Angina KEY: Nursing Process Step: AssessmentMSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease

13. A nurse explains that cardiac rehabilitation lasts from the end of acute care to the return to home and beyond. What does this service include?a. One-on-one individualized careb. Focus on the patient rather than the familyc. Telemetry-monitored exercised. Rejection from the program for noncomplianceANS: CCardiac rehabilitation programs are supervised by a team of experts who arrange for telemetry-supervised exercise and other modalities, such as diet and medical protocol management. The focus is on the family, as well as the patient. Although some patients reject the program, they are rarely rejected by the rehabilitation center.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 727 OBJ: 7TOP: Cardiac Rehabilitation KEY: Nursing Process Step: AssessmentMSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease

14. On auscultation, a nurse detects a heart murmur. What should the nurse know that a heart murmur indicates?a. Valves that do not close correctlyb. Pericardium that is inflamedc. Decrease in pacemaker cellsd. Loud ventricular gallopANS: AHeart murmurs indicate turbulent blood flow and can be caused by valves that are stiff and do not shut correctly; consequently, blood flows back into the chamber.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 688 OBJ: 7TOP: Heart Murmur KEY: Nursing Process Step: AssessmentMSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease

15. What is an important teaching point for a patient with mitral stenosis?a. Obtain a place on the heart transplant list.b. Balance activity with oxygen supply.c. Increase daily fluid intake to over 2000 mL.d. Have an annual electrocardiogram.ANS: BPatients with mitral stenosis need to balance their activity with their oxygen supply and avoid overhydration.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 727 OBJ: 7TOP: Mitral Stenosis KEY: Nursing Process Step: ImplementationMSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease

16. A physician has ordered continuous pulse oximetry. What should the nurse explain to the patient about this procedure?a. Involves a single prickb. Measures the amount of oxygen in the bloodc. Is applied to the wristd. Identifies damaged cells in the myocardiumANS: BPulse oximetry measures arterial oxygen saturation noninvasively by attaching a clip to a digit, an ear, or a nose.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 694 OBJ: 6TOP: Pulse Oximetry KEY: Nursing Process Step: ImplementationMSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease

17. A stress test is scheduled for a 41-year-old patient. What action should the nurse implement to prepare the patient for the examination?a. Have the patient sign a consent form.b. Give the patient a special heart diet.c. Prepare the patient for sedation.d. Remove all metal objects.ANS: AA stress test is a noninvasive test that consists of a patient walking on a treadmill while an electrocardiogram records the activity. A consent form is required.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 692 OBJ: 6TOP: Stress Test KEY: Nursing Process Step: ImplementationMSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease

18. What action should a nurse expect to implement when a patient returns from a cardiac catheterization?a. Ambulate the patient in the hall.b. Check the puncture site.c. Monitor the gag reflex.d. Remove the gel from all sites on the skin.ANS: BCardiac catheterizations are invasive procedures during which a catheter is threaded through an artery. Postprocedure care requires bedrest and monitoring the puncture site.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 690 OBJ: 6TOP: Cardiac Catheterization KEY: Nursing Process Step: ImplementationMSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort

19. A nurse assesses an inverted T wave on the ECG of a patient who had an acute MI two days earlier. How should the nurse interpret this finding?a. Normal recoveryb. New MIc. Abnormal wave formd. Congestive heart failureANS: CThe abnormal wave form of the inverted T wave is an indicator that tissue death has occurred in part of the cardiac wall. The cardiac wall now has no ability to conduct or to contract and sends that message to the ECG via the inverted T. The tissue will take 6 weeks to regenerate.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: p. 711 OBJ: 8TOP: Significance of Inverted T Wave KEY: Nursing Process Step: EvaluationMSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease

20. Laboratory tests are performed to identify damage to the heart muscle. Which test is elevated the earliest with heart damage?a. Creatine phosphokinase-MB (CPK-MB)b. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)c. Lipid profiled. TroponinANS: DTroponin is elevated within 3 to 6 hours and is often measured in the emergency department. CPK-MB is elevated in 12 to 24 hours. Three serial samples are drawn. The LDH increases with heart damage within 3 to 6 days. The lipid profile is not elevated with heart damage.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 690 | p. 712OBJ: 8 TOP: Cardiac EnzymesKEY: Nursing Process Step: ImplementationMSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease

21. A patient is scheduled for a heart catheterization. What action should the nurse implement in preparation for this examination?a. Ask the patient about allergies to seafood or iodine.b. Remove all metal objects.c. Give the patient a special heart diet.d. Test arterial blood gases (ABGs).ANS: AThe dye injected during the cardiac catheterization is iodine based. An allergy to seafood is correlated with a reaction to this dye as well.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 693 OBJ: 5TOP: Cardiac Catheterization KEY: Nursing Process Step: ImplementationMSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Safety and Infection Control

22. A patient has had atropine sulfate that has been administered intravenously to treat a dysrhythmia. What should the nurse assess this patient for after administration?a. Weight gainb. Tachycardiac. Muscle twitchingd. Incontinence of urineANS: BAtropine increases the heart rate. The nurse should watch for tachycardia, which increases the workload of the heart. This medication causes urinary retention.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 701 OBJ: 7TOP: Drugs for Dysrhythmias KEY: Nursing Process Step: AssessmentMSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological Therapies

23. A dopamine infusion is being administered to a patient with shock. For what should the nurse be alert?a. Sharp spike in blood pressureb. Tremor of the handsc. Increasing urinary outputd. Hyperirritability of the patientANS: ADopamine has a direct effect by elevating the blood pressure. The criterion is to titrate to the target blood pressure. Urinary output should also be monitored for a decreased amount because a heightened blood pressure may slow urine filtration and reduce urine output.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 701 OBJ: 7TOP: Dopamine KEY: Nursing Process Step: AssessmentMSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological Therapies

24. A patient with atrial fibrillation is prescribed amiodarone for the dysrhythmia. Which potential adverse reaction should the nurse report?a. Ataxiab. Decreasing pulse ratec. Decreasing blood pressured. Increase in cardiac outputANS: AThe drug amiodarone is meant to quiet atrial activity and modify rapid pulse rate, high blood pressure, and decreased cardiac output caused by the dysrhythmia. The drug interferes with the thyroid and causes an ataxic gait and trembling of hands as adverse effects.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 699 OBJ: 7TOP: Atrial Fibrillation with AmiodaroneKEY: Nursing Process Step: AssessmentMSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological Therapies

25. A medication, simvastatin (Zocor), is administered to lower a patients cholesterol level. Follow-up lipid levels are reviewed by the nurse. Which level indicates the desired therapeutic range?a. High-density lipoprotein (HDL), 29 mg/dL; low-density lipoprotein (LDL), 160 mg/dLb. HDL, 38 mg/dL; LDL, 120 mg/dLc. HDL, 56 mg/dL; LDL, 106 mg/dLd. HDL, 42 mg/dL; LDL, 98 mg/dLANS: DThe reading that has both an HDL level above 40 mg/dL and an LDL level below 100 mg/dL is in the therapeutic target range.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 695 OBJ: 7TOP: Drug Therapy KEY: Nursing Process Step: ImplementationMSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological Therapies

26. What information should a nurse include in a patients discharge instruction after an acute myocardial infarction (MI)?a. Cautions about the use of morphineb. Detailed symptoms that indicate impending MIc. Written instructions on diet and follow-up appointmentsd. High-energy exercise program directionsANS: CThe patient needs written instructions for diet, follow-up appointments, and exercise protocols. Giving detailed information about symptoms is not necessary other than to remind the patient about reporting chest pain and shortness of breath. A high-energy exercise program is not appropriate. Morphine is not part of the home care after an MI.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 716 OBJ: 7TOP: Myocardial Infarction KEY: Nursing Process Step: ImplementationMSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort

27. A patient with acute congestive heart failure has jugular vein distention, crackles bilaterally, and dyspnea. Which nursing diagnosis should have the highest priority?a. Activity intoleranceb. Excess fluid volumec. Anxietyd. Ineffective copingANS: BFluid volume excess increases the workload of the heart and interferes with breathing.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 687 | p. 720OBJ: 7 TOP: Congestive Heart FailureKEY: Nursing Process Step: Nursing DiagnosisMSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort

28.A nurse is assessing the cardiac complex above. What pattern should the nurse recognize in this rhythm strip?a. NSRb. Premature ventricular contractions (PVCs)c. Ventricular tachycardia (VT)d. AFANS: AThis pattern is NSR because it has one P wave for every QRS and one T wave.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: p. 731 OBJ: 7TOP: Recognition of NSR KEY: Nursing Process Step: AssessmentMSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort

29. A diuretic medication, furosemide (Lasix), is being administered for congestive heart failure. Which assessment is not an anticipated consequence of the therapy?a. Increased urinary outputb. Weight lossc. Thirstd. Muscle weaknessANS: DIncreased urinary output, weight loss, and thirst are all anticipated consequences of the therapy. Muscle weakness is a sign of hypokalemia.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 696 OBJ: 7TOP: Diuretic Therapy KEY: Nursing Process Step: AssessmentMSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological Therapies

30. A patient is receiving digoxin 0.25 mg/day. What should the nurse do prior to administering this medication?a. Count an apical pulse for 15 seconds.b. Hold the dose if the apical rate is 57 beats/min.c. Give the dose if the apical rate is 59 beats/min.d. Double the dose if the rate is 62 beats/min.ANS: BThe dose should be held if the apical rate is less than 60 beats/min for 1 minute.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 679 OBJ: 7TOP: Drug Therapy KEY: Nursing Process Step: ImplementationMSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological Therapies

31. A 46-year-old patient is receiving propranolol (Inderal), a nonselective beta-adrenergic blocker, for a heart condition. What patient teaching is most appropriate?a. Sit or lie down when taking the drug.b. Limit caffeine intake.c. Double the dose if symptoms occur.d. Never stop taking the drug abruptly.ANS: DBeta-blockers should never be stopped abruptly because they can cause angina or MI. Patients are gradually weaned off these medications.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 698 OBJ: 7TOP: Drug Therapy KEY: Nursing Process Step: ImplementationMSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological Therapies

32. Which assessment should be immediately addressed in a patient on lidocaine?a. Slowed ventricular rateb. Occasional PVCsc. Increase in temperature to 102 Fd. Nausea and vomitingANS: CA temperature that goes up drastically indicates an adverse reaction to lidocaine, malignant hyperthermia. The slowed ventricular rate, even with occasional PVCs, is an expected outcome of lidocaine infusion. Nausea and vomiting are adverse effects.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 699 OBJ: 7TOP: Drug Therapy KEY: Nursing Process Step: AssessmentMSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological Therapies

33.How should a nurse interpret the arrhythmia in the above strip?a. NSRb. PVCc. VTd. AFANS: BThis is an arrhythmia of a PVC with an extra premature QRS complex (inverted) before the P wave.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: p. 732 OBJ: 7TOP: Recognition of PVC KEY: Nursing Process Step: AssessmentMSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease

34. A nurse records a 1 for the pulse quality of the pedal pulse. What interpretation is correct regarding the pulse?a. Absentb. Normalc. Threadyd. ForcefulANS: CA 1 in a pulse evaluation indicates a thready pulse that is easily obliterated by pressure.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 687 OBJ: 8TOP: Pulse Quality KEY: Nursing Process Step: AssessmentMSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease

MULTIPLE RESPONSE

35. Which factors affect stroke volume? (Select all that apply.)a. Contractilityb. Climatec. Aged. Preloade. AfterloadANS: A, D, EStroke volume is dependent on contractility, preload, and afterload. Age may affect all three, but the stroke volume, regardless of age, is dependent on these three factors.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 685 OBJ: 2TOP: Stroke Volume KEY: Nursing Process Step: ImplementationMSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

36. Which age-related changes in the heart should a nurse take into consideration? (Select all that apply.)a. Decrease in contractilityb. Thickened valvesc. Stiffened valvesd. Decreased SA node cellse. Increased nerve fibers in ventriclesANS: A, B, C, DAging thickens and stiffens the valves and reduces the cells in the SA node. Age decreases the nerve fibers in the ventricles.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 686 OBJ: 9TOP: Age-Related Cardiac Changes KEY: Nursing Process Step: PlanningMSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

37. What actions should a nurse implement to decrease the workload of the heart in a patient with acute congestive failure? (Select all that apply.)a. Eliminate unnecessary activities.b. Direct the patient in active range-of-motion exercises.c. Help the patient change positions every 2 hours.d. Assist the patient to ambulate to the bathroom.e. Give a partial bed bath rather than full bed bath.ANS: A, C, ETo minimize the workload of the heart, the nurse would adjust nursing care to eliminate all unnecessary activities, assist in position changes, and give a minimal bath. Ambulation and active range-of-motion exercises are unnecessary activities at this time.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 720 OBJ: 7TOP: Nursing Care of Congestive FailureKEY: Nursing Process Step: PlanningMSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort

38. A nurse urges a 50-year-old overweight executive who had a myocardial infarction (MI) 3 months earlier to take up some conditioning exercises for 30 minutes a day. What rationale supports this suggestion? (Select all that apply.)a. Lose weight.b. Improve function of the left ventricle.c. Decrease arterial stiffening.d. Decrease cholesterol levels.e. Improve cardiac dysrhythmia.ANS: A, B, C, DConditioning exercises performed daily for 30 minutes can reduce weight, improve the cardiac output of the left ventricle, decrease arterial stiffening, and decrease LDLs. Exercise does not affect dysrhythmias.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 715-716 OBJ: 7TOP: Effects of Conditioning Exercises KEY: Nursing Process Step: ImplementationMSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease

COMPLETION

39. At rest, the cardiac cells in the myocardium are electrically polarized, with the inside of the cell being more _____ than the outside of the cell.

ANS:negativeWhen the heart is at rest, the inside of the cell is negatively charged.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 685 OBJ: 3TOP: Polarization of Myocardium KEY: Nursing Process Step: AssessmentMSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

OTHER

40. A nurse uses a picture to demonstrate the conduction pathway through the chambers of the heart. (Arrange the following options in the correct sequence. Separate letters by a comma and space as follows: A, B, C, D.)A. The atria contract.B. Conduction occurs through the bundle branches.C. The AV node fires.D. The Purkinje fibers conduct.E. The SA node fires.F. The ventricles contract.

ANS:E, A, C, B, D, FThe conduction pathway begins in the SA node, travels down the atrial wall, depolarizing the atria, to the AV node, bundle branches, and Purkinje fibers, contracting the ventricles.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 684-685 OBJ: 4TOP: Conduction Pathway for Cardiac ContractionKEY: Nursing Process Step: AssessmentMSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

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Chapter 36: Cardiac Disorders Nursing School Test Banks ...