Feingold: Update on scoliosis

A recent article updated information regarding scoliosis -- curvature of the spine of more than 10 degrees.

There are various types of scoliosis. One form is called congenital scoliosis that is due to an abnormality of the vertebrae. As the child grows, the curve can become worse making it more difficult to treat.

Neuromuscular scoliosis is associated with certain neurological abnormalities such as muscular dystrophy or spasticity.

Scoliosis is also associated with certain diseases such as Marfan syndrome or neurofibromatosis.

However, most of the time the cause of the scoliosis is unknown and this is call idiopathic scoliosis. This type of scoliosis is the most common form and is present in about two percent of all adolescents. Fortunately, the majority of times, the curve does not increase to the extent that involved treatment is necessary.

Girls are more likely to develop scoliosis than boys. First-degree relatives of individuals with scoliosis are at a greater risk of also developing scoliosis. Adolescents should be examined for curvature of the spine at the childs routine visit to his or her doctor. There are also school-based screening examinations to detect scoliosis. Studies thus far have not shown that such screening examinations result in improved outcomes.

The amount of the scoliosis curve is measured in degrees. When the curve progresses to 25 degrees, bracing is usually done. If the curve reaches 45 degrees, then surgery is recommended.

Severe scoliosis can impede normal breathing. At times pain maybe present but it is usually mild.

The author of the article stated that non-operative treatments such as physical therapy, electrical stimulation and chiropractic treatment have been proposed but supporting data are lacking from controlled studies.

Surgery to correct scoliosis is frequently complex. It can involve fusion of the some of the vertebrae and insertion of metallic implants. Children usually return to school one to two months following surgery. The most common complication is infection.

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Feingold: Update on scoliosis