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Multiple sclerosis: Treatments and drugs – MayoClinic.com

Posted: Published on February 27th, 2018

MayoClinic.com have a weekly general interest e-newsletter that keeps you up to date on a wide variety of health topics. Multiple sclerosis (MS) has no cure. Treatment usually focuses on strategies to treat MS attacks, manage symptoms and reduce the progress of the disease. Some people have such mild symptoms that no treatment is necessary. Strategies to treat attacks Plasma exchange (plasmapheresis). This procedure removes some blood from your body and mechanically separates your blood cells from your plasma, the liquid part of your blood. Doctors then mix your blood cells with a replacement solution and return the blood to your body. Plasma exchange sometimes may be used to help combat severe symptoms of multiple sclerosis relapses in people who aren't responding to intravenous steroids. Strategies to slow progress of the disease Fingolimod (Gilenya). An oral medication given once daily, this works by trapping immune cells in lymph nodes. It may reduce attacks of MS and short-term disability. To take this drug, you'll need to have your heart rate monitored for six hours after the first dose because the first dose can slow your heartbeat (bradycardia). You'll also need to be immune to the chickenpox virus (varicella-zoster virus). Other side … Continue reading

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Muscular Dystrophy – KidsHealth – the Web’s most visited …

Posted: Published on February 26th, 2018

The different types of muscular dystrophy affect different sets of muscles and cause different degrees of muscle weakness. Duchenne muscular dystrophy is the most common and the most severe form of MD. It affects about 1 out of every 3,500 boys. (Girls can carry the gene that causes the disease, but they usually have no symptoms.) This form occurs because of a problem with the gene that makes dystrophin. Without this protein, the muscles break down and a child becomes weaker. Children with Duchenne MD usually begin to have problems around age 5, as the pelvic muscles begin to weaken. Most kids with this form need to use a wheelchair by age 12. Over time, their muscles weaken in the shoulders, back, arms, and legs. Eventually, the respiratory (breathing) muscles and heart muscle also may weaken in the teenage years, requiring further treatments. Although most kids with Duchenne MD have average intelligence, about a third experience learning disabilities and a small number are intellectually disabled. Advances in medical care are helping kids with Duchenne to live longer and healthier lives. While the incidence of Duchenne is known, it's unclear how common other forms of MD are because the symptoms can … Continue reading

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Hormone Replacement Therapy – Hormone Doctor | Elite HRT

Posted: Published on February 26th, 2018

Are you suffering from low hormone levels? Specializing in Hormone Replacement Therapy and Anti-Aging, Elite HRToffers the most up to date treatment options available to optimize your physical and emotional health to the highest level possible, helping you to get your edge back. Our fully personalized age management and wellness programs, incorporating Physician prescribed Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT), wellness coaching and program monitoring will help to slow down and even reverse the signs and symptoms of aging so you can look and feel your absolute best at any age. How you look and feel as you age is entirely up to you, you can make the years to come the best years of your life. Take the first step toward a fitter, younger and healthier you. Our team of expert Physicians and wellness consultants are here to guide you every step of the way. Together, well help you to look better, feel younger and stay healthier. Call us for a free private consultation, your call is completely confidential and no obligation is required, youll be glad you did. Prefer information via email? Submit your questions and concerns using one of our contact forms. One of our Physicians or wellness consultants … Continue reading

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The Stem Cell Debate: Is it Over? – Learn Genetics

Posted: Published on February 25th, 2018

Regulations and policies change frequently to keep up with the pace of research, as well as to reflect the views of different political parties. Here President Obama signs an executive order on stem cells, reversing some limits on federal research funding. (White House photo by Chuck Kennedy) Governments around the globe have passed legislation to regulate stem cell research. In the United States, laws prohibit the creation of embryos for research purposes. Scientists instead receive "leftover" embryos from fertility clinics with consent from donors. Most people agree that these guidelines are appropriate. Disagreements surface, however, when political parties debate about how to fund stem cell research. The federal government allocates billions of dollars each year to biomedical research. But should taxpayer dollars be used to fund embryo and stem cell research when some believe it to be unethical? Legislators have had the unique challenge of encouraging advances in science and medicine while preserving a respect for life. U.S. President Bush, for example, limited federal funding to a study of 70 or so hES cell lines back in 2001. While this did slow the destruction of human embryos, many believe the restrictions set back the progress of stem cell research. President … Continue reading

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About Cerebral Palsy | What is CP? | CerebralPalsy.org

Posted: Published on February 23rd, 2018

What is Cerebral Palsy? While Cerebral Palsy (pronounced seh-ree-brel pawl-zee) is a blanket term commonly described by loss or impairment of motor function, Cerebral Palsy is actually caused by brain damage. The brain damage is caused by brain injury or abnormal development of the brain that occurs while a childs brain is still developing before birth, during birth, or immediately after. Cerebral Palsy affects body movement, muscle control, muscle coordination, muscle tone, reflex, posture and balance. It can also impact fine motor skills, gross motor skills and oral motor functioning. Signs and symptoms of Cerebral Palsy may not always be apparent at birth. The child will likely experience a delay in development and growth milestones. About two to three children out of every 1,000 have Cerebral Palsy studies in the United States studies have yielded rates as low as 2.3 per 1,000 children to as high as 3.6 per 1,000 children. Today, although there is no cure for Cerebral Palsy, but the condition can be managed and individuals with Cerebral Palsy can live a long, healthy and quality life. To learn about the various aspects of Cerebral Palsy, click on the links below. See the original post here: About Cerebral … Continue reading

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Muscular Dystrophy

Posted: Published on February 21st, 2018

The different types of muscular dystrophy affect different sets of muscles and cause different degrees of muscle weakness. Duchenne muscular dystrophy is the most common and the most severe form of MD. It affects about 1 out of every 3,500 boys. (Girls can carry the gene that causes the disease, but they usually have no symptoms.) This form occurs because of a problem with the gene that makes dystrophin. Without this protein, the muscles break down and a child becomes weaker. Children with Duchenne MD usually begin to have problems around age 5, as the pelvic muscles begin to weaken. Most kids with this form need to use a wheelchair by age 12. Over time, their muscles weaken in the shoulders, back, arms, and legs. Eventually, the respiratory (breathing) muscles and heart muscle also may weaken in the teenage years, requiring further treatments. Although most kids with Duchenne MD have average intelligence, about a third experience learning disabilities and a small number are intellectually disabled. Advances in medical care are helping kids with Duchenne to live longer and healthier lives. While the incidence of Duchenne is known, it's unclear how common other forms of MD are because the symptoms can … Continue reading

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Spinal Cord Injuries – spine.org

Posted: Published on February 15th, 2018

Patient Education Committee Patient Education Committee Spinal fractures occur when an injury is sustained to the spine resulting in a break or disruption of the spinal vertebrae or the attached ligaments. The spinal column contains and protects the spinal cord and exiting nerve roots. Some injuries affect only the spinal column without disturbing the nerve elements while other, more severe injuries to the spine can result in temporary or permanent damage to the spinal cord and/or exiting nerve roots. The diagnosis of such injuries relies upon radiological studies including x-rays, CAT scans and sometime magnetic resonance imaging studies (MRI) to visualize the damage. Treatment of such fractures may require a brace or surgery or both depending on the degree of instability. Spinal cord injuries (SCI) remains a devastating condition for both patients and their families. There are approximately 10,000 new injuries in the United States each year with more than 200,000 people suffering from either paralysis of the arms or legs or both secondary to spinal cord injury. Males account for roughly 75% of patients treated with spinal cord injuries. Improvement in the quality of care over the last few decades has dramatically improved the outlook and survival for patients … Continue reading

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Spinal Cord Injuries – emedicine.medscape.com

Posted: Published on February 15th, 2018

Spinal cord injury (SCI), as with acute stroke, is a dynamic process. In all acute cord syndromes, the full extent of injury may not be apparent initially. Incomplete cord lesions may evolve into more complete lesions. More commonly, the injury level rises 1 or 2 spinal levels during the hours to days after the initial event. A complex cascade of pathophysiologic events related to free radicals, vasogenic edema, and altered blood flow accounts for this clinical deterioration. Normal oxygenation, perfusion, and acid-base balance are required to prevent worsening of the spinal cord injury. Spinal cord injury can be sustained through different mechanisms, with the following 3 common abnormalities leading to tissue damage: Destruction from direct trauma Compression by bone fragments, hematoma, or disk material Ischemia from damage or impingement on the spinal arteries Edema could ensue subsequent to any of these types of damage. Neurogenic shock refers to the hemodynamic triad of hypotension, bradycardia, and peripheral vasodilation resulting from severe autonomic dysfunction and the interruption of sympathetic nervous system control in acute spinal cord injury. Hypothermia is also characteristic. This condition does not usually occur with spinal cord injury below the level of T6 but is more common in injuries … Continue reading

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Hormone Replacement Therapy (Risks and Benefits). HRT | Patient

Posted: Published on February 15th, 2018

Approximately 80% of menopausal women experience symptoms. While a quarter of those are thought to have severe symptoms, only a small proportion of menopausal women currently take hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Symptoms of the menopause last far longer than most women anticipate. Frequent menopausal vasomotor symptoms, including night sweats and hot flushes, persist in more than half of women for more than seven years[1]. HRT is an effective treatment for the typical menopause-related symptoms. There are also other long-term health problems associated with the menopause - the risk of osteoporosis, cardiovascular disease and stroke all increase after the menopause. HRT can also have a positive influence on these health problems. This article discusses HRT in detail. The separate Menopause and its Management article discusses menopausal symptoms, differential diagnosis and possible investigations (although the diagnosis is usually clinically based on the typical symptoms). It also discusses health problems associated with the menopause and gives an overview of management. See also separate HRT - Initial Consultation, HRT - Follow-up Assessments and HRT - Topical articles. Current guidelines advise that HRT should be considered for troublesome vasomotor symptoms in perimenopausal and early postmenopausal women without contra-indications and after individualised discussion of likely risks … Continue reading

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Stem cell legislation in South Africa | Stem cell research …

Posted: Published on February 15th, 2018

South Africa is by far the most developed African country, and owes much of its modernity and industrialization to the early influx of external European influences. Contributions from indigenous African tribes and migrants from Asia have also played an important part. This melting pot of cultures has led to making it very diverse and open to technological advancement. The first human heart-to heart transplant was carried out in 1967. Stem cell research in Africa is really prominent in South Africa. There are stem cell banks which store cells of clients for future use. It is the only country in Africa so far with significant advances into stem cell research and its applications. South Africa has adopted the intermediate approach to stem cell research and use, where research is allowed, but has some level of restriction by the government. 79.9% of the population professed to be Christians in the 2001 national census. This huge majority largely skews parliamentary debates on controversial medical issues. South Africa is a parliamentary republic and legislations are subjected to strict parliamentary debate. In the area of stem cell research, South Africa allows the derivation of human embryonic stem cells from excess In vitro fertilization (IVF) embryos, … Continue reading

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