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Cerebral Palsy (CP) Information & More | Cleveland Clinic

Posted: Published on December 16th, 2017

What is cerebral palsy? Cerebral palsy is an umbrella term for describing a group of chronic disorders that impair a person's ability to control body movement and posture. These disorders result from injury to the motor areas of the brain. Cerebral palsy affects two to six infants out of every 1,000 births, and is the most common disability among children in the U.S. The problem causing cerebral palsy may occur while the infant is still in the womb or after birth, and the problem is not always detectable during a child's first year of life. Children with mild cerebral palsy may only have a minor limp or an uncoordinated walk, while patients with severe cases will require care and supervision throughout their lives. Many of the infants born with cerebral palsy also experience some degree of mental retardation and/or have seizures. Spastic cerebral palsy is the most common form and is the type seen in 75 to 80 percent of cases. Patients with this form are unable to relax their muscles, which respond by tightening further if the patient or someone else tries to stretch them. This spasticity affects the function of individual muscles, especially flexor muscles. When spasticity occurs … Continue reading →

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Cerebral Palsy – Kids Health

Posted: Published on December 16th, 2017

Have you ever heard a family member talk about your first step or the first word you spoke? For kids with cerebral palsy, called CP for short, taking a first step or saying a first word may not be as easy. That's because CP is a condition that can affect the things that kids do every day. Some kids with CP use wheelchairs and others walk with the help of crutches or braces. In some cases, a kid's speech may be affected or the person might not be able to speak at all. Cerebral palsy (say: seh-REE-brel PAWL-zee) is a condition that affects thousands of babies and children each year. It is not contagious, which means you can't catch it from anyone who has it. The word cerebral means having to do with the brain. The word palsy means a weakness or problem in the way a person moves or positions his or her body. A kid with CP has trouble controlling the muscles of the body. Normally, the brain tells the rest of the body exactly what to do and when to do it. But because CP affects the brain, depending on what part of the brain is affected, … Continue reading →

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Ulcerative Colitis | Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center

Posted: Published on December 16th, 2017

Ulcerative colitis is a disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the colon (large intestine) accompanied in severe cases by ulcers in the lining of the colon. It is most often diagnosed in people between the ages of 15 and 30, although it can develop at any age, in both children and adults. The majority of patients have inflammation in their rectum, which spreads along the colon to varying extents. The inflammation may be limited to the: When more than just the left colon is affected, it is termed "extensive colitis." "Pancolitis" is the term used when the entire colon is inflamed. Ulcerative colitis is a chronic condition in which individuals experience both periods of active disease (flares/relapses) and periods of mild or inactive disease (remission). Typical symptoms include: Typical treatments involve anti-inflammatory medications (5-aminosalicylates) or immunomodulators (medications that modulate or suppress the immune system). Occasionally, medical treatment fails and surgical removal of the diseased colon becomes necessary. Ulcerative colitis is predominantly a disease of the the developed world, and is uncommon in the developing world, possibly due to a higher prevalence of intestinal infections in the developing world. The exact reasons why some individuals develop ulcerative colitis are unknown, although … Continue reading →

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Hormone Replacement Therapy Explained – healthprep.com

Posted: Published on December 15th, 2017

Hormone replacement therapy is given to some women during menopause when the body stops making the hormones estrogen and progesterone. It is used to treat common symptoms of aging and menopause, such as hot flashes, vaginal dryness, mood swings, and even osteoporosis. Menopause occurs when a womans monthly menstrual cycle stops, which causes a drop in hormone levels. Hormone replacement therapy replaces the hormones the body no longer makes and is the most effective treatment for menopause symptoms. * HealthPrep does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. See Content Disclaimer below. Women who take hormone replacement therapy are usually given a combination of estrogen and progesterone; however, women who have had a hysterectomy do not need progesterone, so their doctor may prescribe estrogen-only therapy. Hormone replacement therapy should not last longer than five years. It may begin as soon as a woman begins to experience menopausal symptoms, which usually occurs around the age of fifty-two. According to the National Health Service, menopause ages in women can range from the early forties to the late sixties. There is no way to predict when a woman will go through menopause. Go here to see the original: Hormone Replacement Therapy Explained - … Continue reading →

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Hormone replacement therapy – Susan’s Place Transgender Resources

Posted: Published on December 15th, 2017

This is a disambiguation page a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. If an article link referred you here, you might want to go back and fix it to point directly to the intended page. There are two variants of Hormone replacement therapy for transsexuals: Hormone Replacement TherapyIf you are interested in information about HRT or are currently on HRT and wish to discuss the issues we face this forum is for you. Editor's Note: While discussion of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and its medications is permitted, discussing the means to acquire them without a prescription, and self medication without a doctors care is prohibited. We cannot in good conscience condone the self administering of these medications. Not only may self medication be illegal there can also be serious health consequences resulting from the taking of these medicines. See a qualified medical professional before taking any prescription drugs. Continue reading here: Hormone replacement therapy - Susan's Place Transgender Resources … Continue reading →

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Bioidentical Hormone Replacement Therapy (BHRT) Dr Mark Richards

Posted: Published on December 15th, 2017

Bioidentical Hormone Replacement Therapy (BHRT) Dr Mark Richards Mark E. Richards M.D. Get Started, Call(301) 468-3458 Bio-identical testosterone or estrogen hormones taken by mouth are inactivated in the liver before ever getting into your circulation. Bio-identical creams or injections have large variations in their blood levels and an inconsistency in the amount of hormone they provide to your tissues. Bio-identical pellets have been shown to provide close to a steady state availability of hormone for months. Bio-identical hormone pellets have been used in the United States since 1939. Bio-identical hormones have the exact same chemical and molecular structure as hormones that are made in the human body. The difference between a bio-identical hormone versus a hormone that is not bio-identical is the molecular structure and shape of the hormone. Why is this important? Think of a hormone as a key and the receptor which it activates as a lock. In order for a replacement hormone to exactly replicate the function of the hormone that humans naturally produce, the bio-identical replacement I provide must exactly match the human hormone. It is the structural differences that exist between human bio-identical and non-bio-identical hormones that are responsible for serious side effects and sometimes … Continue reading →

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MS-UK | Study of gut bacteria may lead to future treatment …

Posted: Published on December 13th, 2017

According to a study conducted at the Mayo Clinic in America, a human gut bacteria discovered by researchers may help treat autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS). The Mayo research team worked with researchers from the University of lowa to test gut microbial samples from patients on a mouse model of MS. They tested three strains of bacteria, but one microbe, called Prevotella histicola, particularly stood out because its ability to effectively supress immune disease in the preclinical MS model. Researchers discovered that Prevotella histicola, which is cultured from the human intestine, caused a decrease in two types of pro-inflammatory cells. It was also found to increase families of cells that fight disease, such as T-cells, dendritic cells and a type of macrophage. Joseph Murray, M.D., a Mayo Clinic Gastroenterologist and Senior Author of the article, said: If we can use the microbes already in the human body to treat human disease beyond the gut itself, we may be onto a new era of medicine. We are talking about bugs as drugs. Dr. Murray coined the term brug to refer to this approach. Although this discovery is in the very early stages and is not yet a proven treatment, … Continue reading →

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Traumatic brain injury Treatments and drugs – Mayo Clinic

Posted: Published on December 11th, 2017

Diagnosis Because traumatic brain injuries are usually emergencies and because consequences can worsen swiftly without treatment, doctors usually need to assess the situation rapidly. This 15-point test helps a doctor or other emergency medical personnel assess the initial severity of a brain injury by checking a person's ability to follow directions and move their eyes and limbs. The coherence of speech also provides important clues. Abilities are scored numerically in the Glasgow Coma Scale. Higher scores mean less severe injuries. If you observed someone being injured or arrived immediately after an injury, you may be able to provide medical personnel with information that's useful in assessing the injured person's condition. Answers to the following questions may be beneficial in judging the severity of injury: Tissue swelling from a traumatic brain injury can increase pressure inside the skull and cause additional damage to the brain. Doctors may insert a probe through the skull to monitor this pressure. Mild traumatic brain injuries usually require no treatment other than rest and over-the-counter pain relievers to treat a headache. However, a person with a mild traumatic brain injury usually needs to be monitored closely at home for any persistent, worsening or new symptoms. He … Continue reading →

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Spinal cord injury Treatments and drugs – Mayo Clinic

Posted: Published on December 11th, 2017

Diagnosis In the emergency room, a doctor may be able to rule out a spinal cord injury by careful inspection, testing for sensory function and movement and asking some questions about the accident. But if the injured person complains of neck pain, isn't fully awake or has obvious signs of weakness or neurological injury, emergency diagnostic tests may be needed. These tests may include: A few days after injury, when some of the swelling may have subsided, your doctor will conduct a neurological exam to determine the level and completeness of your injury. This involves testing your muscle strength and your ability to sense light touch and a pinprick. Unfortunately, there's no way to reverse damage to the spinal cord. But researchers are continually working on new treatments, including prostheses and medications that may promote nerve cell regeneration or improve the function of the nerves that remain after a spinal cord injury. In the meantime, spinal cord injury treatment focuses on preventing further injury and empowering people with a spinal cord injury to return to an active and productive life. Urgent medical attention is critical to minimize the effects of any head or neck trauma. That's why treatment for a … Continue reading →

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Duchenne muscular dystrophy – Wikipedia

Posted: Published on December 10th, 2017

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a severe type of muscular dystrophy.[2] The symptom of muscle weakness usually begins around the age of four in boys and worsens quickly.[1] Typically muscle loss occurs first in the upper legs and pelvis followed by those of the upper arms.[2] This can result in trouble standing up.[2] Most are unable to walk by the age of 12.[1] Affected muscles may look larger due to increased fat content.[2]Scoliosis is also common.[2] Some may have intellectual disability.[2] Females with a single copy of the defective gene may show mild symptoms.[2] The disorder is X-linked recessive.[2] About two thirds of cases are inherited from a person's parents, while one third of cases are due to a new mutation.[2] It is caused by a mutation in the gene for the protein dystrophin.[2] Dystrophin is important to maintain the muscle fiber's cell membrane.[2]Genetic testing can often make the diagnosis at birth.[2] Those affected also have a high level of creatine kinase in their blood.[2] No cure for muscular dystrophy is known.[1]Physical therapy, braces, and corrective surgery may help with some symptoms.[1]Assisted ventilation may be required in those with weakness of breathing muscles.[2] Medications used include steroids to slow muscle … Continue reading →

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