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OCASCR scientists make progress in TSET-funded adult stem cell … – NewsOK.com

Posted: Published on February 11th, 2017

OCASCR scientist Lin Liu at work. Photo provided. Working together, scientists from Oklahoma State University, the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center and the Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation are advancing adult stem cell research to treat some of todays most devastating diseases. Under the umbrella of the Oklahoma Center for Adult Stem Cell Research (OCASCR), created with funding from the Oklahoma Tobacco Settlement Endowment Trust, these scientists have amassed groundbreaking findings in one of the fastest growing areas of medical research. We have made exciting progress, said OCASCR scientist Lin Liu, director of the Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases and director of the Interdisciplinary Program in Regenerative Medicine at Oklahoma State University. We can convert adult stem cells into lung cells using our engineering process in petri dishes, which offers the possibility to repair damaged lung tissues in lung diseases, said Liu, whose research primarily focuses on lung and respiratory biology and diseases. Using our engineered cells, we can also reverse some pathological features. These studies give us hope for an eventual application of these cells in humans. Adult stem cells in the body are capable of renewing themselves and becoming various types of cells. Until recently, stem … Continue reading

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Stem cell Icarus – BioEdge

Posted: Published on February 11th, 2017

Landscape with the Fall of Icarus, attributed to Pieter Brueghel the Elder What happened to the disgraced Italian surgeon who dazzled the world with artificial tracheas built up with stem cells, Paolo Macchiarini? Despite all the hype, several of his patients eventually died; others are still seriously ill. The ensuing debacle dragged Swedens Karolinska Institute into the mire and Swedish police are investigating whether he should be charged with involuntary manslaughter. At the moment Macchiarini is the head of a research team in bioengineering and regenerative medicine at the University of Kazan, in Tatarstan, about 800 kilometers east of Moscow. But Russian authorities do not allow him to do clinical work. Instead he is confined to doing research on baboons. Unfortunately, the story of the Italian Icarus is the story of many research projects with stem cells noisily rising and rising and rising and then silently falling out of sight. Very few stem cell therapies have reached stage IV of clinical trials. As journalist Michael Brooks points out in the BMJ, stem cell research is a field plagued by unrealistic expectations. One study showed that 70% of newspaper articles about stem cell research have stated that clinical applications are just … Continue reading

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Induced pluripotent stem cells don’t increase genetic mutations – Science Daily

Posted: Published on February 11th, 2017

It's been more than 10 years since Japanese researchers Shinya Yamanaka, M.D., Ph.D., and his graduate student Kazutoshi Takahashi, Ph.D., developed the breakthrough technique to return any adult cell to its earliest stage of development (a pluripotent stem cell) and change it into different types of cells in the body. Called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), this technique opens the doors to medical advances, including generating cartilage cell tissue to repair knees, retinal cells to improve the vision of those with age-related macular degeneration and other eye diseases, and cardiac cells to restore damaged heart tissues. Despite its immense promise, adoption of iPSCs in biomedical research and medicine has been slowed by concerns that these cells are prone to increased numbers of genetic mutations. A new study by scientists at the National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), part of the National Institutes of Health, suggests that iPSCs do not develop more mutations than cells that are duplicated by subcloning. Subcloning is a technique where single cells are cultured individually and then grown into a cell line. The technique is similar to the iPSC except the subcloned cells are not treated with the reprogramming factors which were thought to cause mutations. … Continue reading

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Cardiology services in crisis – Irish Times

Posted: Published on February 11th, 2017

Sir, We are writing on behalf of 245 GPs based in the southeast of Ireland, covering counties Waterford (105), Wexford (85), and South Tipperary (55), to express our major concern regarding the ongoing issue of provision of cardiology services at University Hospital Waterford (UHW). The lack of progress in obtaining a second cardiac catheterisation laboratory is particularly worrying as it unnecessarily endangers patient health. Lack of access to a 24-hour service in our region relegates very vulnerable patients to a second-grade service when more immediate treatment would certainly improve outcomes and save lives. We understand that over 700 patients have been transferred off the waiting list in UHW and have been transferred to services in Cork. This move, which appears to be more politically than medically motivated, has altered waiting-list figures and has provided decision-makers with an excuse not to upgrade southeastern cardiac services. This situation is unacceptable to us and to our patients. We understand that up to 30 per cent of patients have refused to travel to alternative centres. Many of these patients are marginalised and without the social support that would enable travel. We also are led to believe that patients are travelling to Cork to have … Continue reading

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Female Cardiologists Less Likely Than Male Colleagues to Be Full Professors – TCTMD

Posted: Published on February 11th, 2017

In academic medicine, full professorship is one of the major rewards that individuals can receive for their work. But a new study suggests that in the field of cardiology, women are less likely than men to hold that prestigious title despite having similar career experiences and other achievements that typically lead to increased academic rank. Although several recent studies have shown the effect of the gender gap on wages in clinical practice, and on satisfaction and perceived pressures at work, the question of equality across genders in academic medicine environments has not been well studied, noted the studys lead author Daniel M. Blumenthal, MD, MBA (Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA), in an interview with TCTMD. Using data from a contemporary, cross-sectional database of US physicians, Blumenthal and colleagues examined faculty rank differences between 3,180 male and 630 female cardiologists affiliated with 109 medical schools in the United States. Subjects were either assistant, associate, or full professors. Even after adjusting for factors known to influence academic rank and promotion such as years of experience, number of publications (total, and first- and last-author papers), affiliation with a medical school ranked highly in research, NIH funding, Medicare revenue, and procedural subspecialties, female cardiologists … Continue reading

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Harry Boxer’s stocks to watch: biotechnology and technology … – MarketWatch

Posted: Published on February 11th, 2017

Biotechnology and technology stocks are dominating our charts to watch this week, because they are displaying strong technical momentum. Esperion Therapeutics Inc. ESPR, +3.55% is absolutely rocketing. The clinical-stage biopharma, which is focused on developing drugs that treat cardiovascular disease, popped 29% on Friday in response to good clinical news from Amgen AMGN, +0.25% regarding its own cardiovascular drug. The stock followed through on Monday and then again Tuesday, up $2.48, or 14%, to $20.14 on nearly 3.4 million shares traded. The stock pulled back toward the close, testing the bottom of its rising channel and resting in a tight wedge formation. This formation looks poised to break to the upside, with the next target at the channel top near $22. Exelixis Inc. EXEL, -1.87% also had a strong session on Tuesday, up 54 cents, or 2.7%, to $20.57, on nearly 6.7 million shares traded. The cancer-drug companys stock needs to get through the rising trendline, near $21, connecting the most recent tops from September, December and January. The challenge beyond that would be the mid-channel line at around $22.75, a break through that could accelerate the stock into the high $20s. Finisar Corp. FNSR, +5.46% edged above resistance on … Continue reading

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Why Cellect Biotechnology Ltd Shares Skyrocketed Higher Today – Fox Business

Posted: Published on February 11th, 2017

What happened Cellect Biotechnology (NASDAQ: APOP) stock is up nearly 30% at 12:06 p.m. EST after the company announced that it treated the first patient in the biotech's phase 1/2 trial, dubbed ApoGraft01, testing its stem cell technology ApoGraft in patients with blood cancer. Treating the first patient shouldn't have come as much of a surprise to investors. In November, the company said the Israeli Ministry of Health had given its approval to begin the trial. Perhaps investors are just really happy that the trial is finally starting. Also keep in mind that Cellect Biotechnology has a fairly low market cap, so the relative increase in valuation wasn't that much. Image source: Getty Images. Cellect Biotechnology's ApoGraft attempts to better select stem cells to help prevent graft-versus-host disease (GvHD), which occurs in 25% to 50% of recipients of allogeneic stem cell transplantation. GvHD happens when the donated stem cells produce immune cells that start mistakenly attacking the patients' normal cells because they see it as foreign. GvHD leads to 15% of the deaths that occur after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Continue Reading Below ADVERTISEMENT ApoGraft01 will enroll 12 patients, so it shouldn't take too long for Cellect Biotechnology to fully … Continue reading

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Revolutionizing Biotechnology with Artificial Restriction Enzymes … – Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology News (press release)

Posted: Published on February 11th, 2017

Scientists at the University of Illinois say they have developed a new technique of genetic engineering for basic and applied biological research and medicine. Their work ("Programmable DNA-Guided Artificial Restriction Enzymes"), reported inACS Synthetic Biology,could open new doors in genomic research by improving the precision and adherence of sliced DNA, according to the investigators. "Using our technology, we can create highly active artificial restriction enzymes with virtually any sequence specificity and defined sticky ends of varying length," said Huimin Zhao, Ph.,D., professor of chemical and biomolecular engineering, who leads a synthetic biology research group at the Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology at Illinois. "This is a rare example in biotechnology where a desired biological function or reagent can be readily and precisely designed in a rational manner." Restriction enzymes cut DNA at a specific site and create a space wherein foreign DNA can be introduced for gene-editing purposes. This process is not achieved only by naturally occurring restriction enzymes; artificial restriction enzymes, or AREs, have risen to prominence in recent years. CRISPR/Cas9, a bacterial immune system used for "cut-and-paste" gene editing, and TALENs, or transcription activator-like effector nucleases, which are modified restriction enzymes, are two popular examples of … Continue reading

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Why Bioethics Matters in Biotechnology – Azusa Pacific University

Posted: Published on February 11th, 2017

The last five years have witnessed amazing acceleration of innovation in biotechnology. CRISPR will lead to precision gene editing that could vastly improve food crop yields and provide cures to cancer. Lightning-fast gene sequencing will enable early detection of cancer from a simple blood test. High-speed bulk data transfer allows the entire genomes of millions of people to be compared online in the search for cures to both common and rare diseases. Neuromorphic chips will accelerate the dawn of artificial intelligence, and smart prostheses will allow para- and quadriplegic patients to move, the deaf to hear, and the blind to see. Discovery of synergies in applications that blur the boundaries of traditional science, technology, engineering, and mathematics will continue to fuel this exponential growth of innovation. In spite of this exuberant trend, it is important to remember that innovation and discovery often outpace the regulatory structures that ensure their best and most ethical use in society. The bioethics field traditionally is interpreted as pertaining mainly to the medical interests of humans. It has dealt with five key issues: beneficence, non-maleficence, patient autonomy, social justice, and patient confidentiality. However, with the advent of nanotechnology and other technologies that allow inter-kingdom transfer … Continue reading

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Will Biotechnology Regulations Squelch Food and Farming Innovation? – Genetic Literacy Project

Posted: Published on February 11th, 2017

Jon Entine, Executive Director, Genetic Literacy Project,oversaw the assignments and the editing of this series INTRODUCTION: Genetically engineered crops and animals (GMOs) have been a controversial public issue since the first products were introduced in the 1990s. They have posed unique challenges for governments to regulate. Although most working scientists in the field hold the opinion that genetic engineering, for the most part, is part of a continuum of the human manipulation of our food supply thats gone on for thousands of years, critics contend differently. Many crop biotechnology skeptics frame their concerns in quasi-religious terms, as a violation of nature or fears that the increased use of GE foods will lead to a corporate takeover of our seed and food systems, and the adoption of an ecologically destructive industrialized agriculture system. GMOs have become a symbol of the battle over what our global, regional and local food systems should look like going forward. The clout of the food movement that vocally rejects many aspects of conventional farming has exponentially increased since then, promoted by mainstream journalists, scientists and non-profit groups from Michael Pollan to Consumers Union to the Environmental Working Group. Organic leaders and lobbyists, such as Gary Hirshberg, … Continue reading

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