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Anatomy 101: The Shoulder

Posted: Published on May 27th, 2014

Editors Note: This is a continuing series of articles on our bodies, how they function, possible problems and solutions. Go to http://www.thesouthern.com/lifestyles/mindbody to read previous articles. While just about everyone knows what a shoulder is and can readily point to their shoulder, a precise definition appears to have eluded anatomists. There is a shoulder blade (scapula bone), a shoulder joint (site of connection between the arm and shoulder glenohumoral joint) and a tip of the shoulder (the outward/lateral projecting point of the shoulder acromion) but it is quite difficult to arrive at a specific definition of the shoulder in many anatomy books. What can be considered to form the skeletal structure of the shoulder includes the scapula, clavicle (collar bone) and head (rounded upper portion) of the humerus bone of the arm. The rounded head of the humerus projects into a space in the scapula called the glenoid cavity to form the glenohumeral joint. The clavicle protrudes across the upper region of the chest, just beneath the skin, from the midline breast bone (sternum) to the tip of the scapula (acromion). In this way, the clavicle serves as a strut providing structural support for the glenohumral joint and maintains this … Continue reading

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Autism families push for better coverage

Posted: Published on May 27th, 2014

AUGUSTA, Maine After hitting some bumps during the setup of the Affordable Care Act, advocates say they are regaining momentum in their effort to expand private insurance coverage for the treatment of autism. But while the movement to require insurance companies to offer the often-expensive coverage has brought relief to thousands, a state-by-state patchwork of regulations can create confusion for families, cut off coverage too early for some and leave affordable therapy out of reach for many, advocates say. Applied behavioral analysis, which often involves teaching children skills by breaking them down into smaller sets, is widely viewed as the most effective way to help autistic children succeed. But it can cost families without insurance tens of thousands of dollars a year. And insurance companies say providing coverage will force them to raise premiums. Colleen Jankovich of Omaha, Neb., was forced to stop her son's ABA treatment after weeks because insurance wouldn't pay for it. Her 11-year-old son, Matthew, is nonverbal and requires 24/7 care. But she believes things might have been different with early intervention. "We shouldn't have to choose between treating our children and putting food on the table or bankrupting our family if we choose to pay … Continue reading

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Sick Kids scientists discover genetic mutations that predict autism

Posted: Published on May 27th, 2014

TORONTO Canadian scientists say theyve unraveled the genetic code to autism, piecing together what they believe is the formula that could identify the condition earlier on in childhood. Researchers at the Hospital for Sick Children say their new research released Monday could hold the key to early identification and treatment for autism. Weve known for a long time that genes and genetics are involved in autism but its been very difficult for us to figure out which genetic alterations actually manifest as autism or not, lead researcher, Dr. Steve Scherer, told Global News. Scherer is a senior scientist and director of the Sick Kids Centre for Applied Genomics. What weve done here is figure out a genetic formula which allows us to predict with reasonable accuracy which of those genetic changes will lead to autism and which ones will not, he said. Scherer even said the research is a game-changer and likely the most significant findings to come out of the lab within the decade. READ MORE: Despite some funding, a diagnosis of autism is a huge financial burden In the year-long study, Scherer and his team followed a hunch and decided to look into existing data on genetics. After … Continue reading

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Mice yield autism clue

Posted: Published on May 27th, 2014

It's not every day you see a mouse with a mohawk. But that's what researchers saw while studying mice that had a genetic mutation linked to autism. The mohawks that the mice were sporting actually resulted from their "over-grooming" behavior, repeatedly licking each other's hair in the same direction. The behavior resembles the repetitive motions displayed by some people with autism, and the researchers say their experiments reveal a link between the genetic causes of autism and their effects on the brain, suggesting potential avenues for treating the disorder. Mice that have a genetic mutation linked to autism groom their hair into mohawk-like hairstyles. "Our study tells us that to design better tools for treating a disease like autism, you have to get to the underlying genetic roots of its dysfunctional behaviors, whether it is over-grooming in mice or repetitive motor behaviors in humans," study researcher Gordon Fishell, a neuroscientist at NYU Langone Medical Center, said in a statement. Autism is a spectrum of developmental disorders that involve social impairments and communication deficits. People with autism may also engage in repetitive behaviors, such as rocking or hand flapping. [ Beyond Vaccines: 5 Things That Might Really Cause Autism ] In … Continue reading

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Mice with mohawks–a new link to autism

Posted: Published on May 27th, 2014

Researchers studying a genetic mutation linked to autism recently saw mice with mohawks. Yes, mohawks. This study was published in the journal Nature. The mohawks, according to NBC News, were a result of excessive grooming. The mice were licking each others fur in the same direction repeatedly, making the mohawks. This behavior of repetitive motion is displayed by some people with autism. These experiments have revealed a link between the genetic causes of autism and the effect on the brain. These findings could lead to a potential treatment for the disorder. Autism is defined as a spectrum of developmental disorders that includes both social impairments as well as communication deficits. Autism is also commonly characterized by repetitive motions like rocking or hand flapping. The mice groomed one another and all of them that had this genetic mutation linked to autism groomed each other's hair in the same way. The overgrooming, according to RedOrbit, has always been a telltale sign in experiments. The behavior has already been linked to the behavior that stops children from developing normal social behavior. Researchers plan to further study how the production of proteins affects the brain in this way. Their ultimate goal is to potentially … Continue reading

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Stroke — you never think it can happen to you

Posted: Published on May 27th, 2014

At 38-years-old, Kenyetta Brasher was busy with life; traveling and visiting relatives, teaching fitness and yoga, and practicing Latin dance moves. When her eyes started bothering her, she simply thought she needed new glasses. When she began having headaches and was a bit clumsy, she just thought she was overtired and needed more rest. But as she was getting ready for bed one Sunday night in 2008, reality struck home. She felt irritable, restless, and a bit dizzy. Her husband noticed she was mumbling in response to questions or not answering at all. As he watched, she tried to pull up the covers and her arm flopped around. Alarmed, he realized the left part of her body was drooping and raced her to Memorial Hermann. Doctors there diagnosed Brasher with an ischemic stroke and treated her with medication. A thrombolytic, or clot-busting agent, tPA, is the only drug approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for the urgent treatment of ischemic stroke. If given intravenously in the first three hours after the start of stroke symptoms, tPA has been shown to significantly reverse the effects of stroke and reduce permanent disability. Brasher was most likely was suffering mini-strokes or … Continue reading

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May is National Stroke Month

Posted: Published on May 27th, 2014

KNOXVILLE, Tenn. (WVLT) May is recognized as National Stroke Month. The American Heart Association reminds stroke is the fourth leading cause of death in the U.S., and the leading cause of adult long-term disability. Time is of the essence in recognizing symptoms and getting treatment because two million brain cells die during every minute of a stroke. Use the F.A.S.T. method to recognize a stroke when you see it happening. F -- FACE Ask the person to smile. Does one side of the face droop? A -- ARMS Ask the person to raise both arms. Does one arm drift downward? S -- SPEECH Ask the person to repeat a simple sentence. Does the speech sound slurred or strange? T -- TIME If you observe any of these signs (independently or together), call 9-1-1immediately. Risk factors can be medical like high blood pressure or high cholesterol. Strokes can also be caused by lifestyle risks like smoking and drinking too much alcohol. More: May is National Stroke Month … Continue reading

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VisitandCare.com Joins Wings for Life Global Run to Benefit Spinal Cord Research

Posted: Published on May 27th, 2014

Chicago, IL (PRWEB) May 27, 2014 VisitandCare.com helped to create a piece of history on May 4th, as the team geared up for the Wings For Life World Run 2014. The pioneering event embraced tens of thousands of runners for a simultaneous race in 32 different countries to benefit spinal cord research. The goal to make the world run as one with over 35,000 individuals of all ages and abilities making a profound commitment to run for those who can't. Wings for Life is a not-for-profit spinal cord research foundation. The foundation funds world-class scientific research and clinical trials aimed at healing devastating spinal cord injuries. The driving force behind the foundation are two-time Motocross World Champion, Heinz Kinigadner, and the Founder of Red Bull, Dietrich Mateschitz. In 2003, Kinigadner's son Hannes was involved in a tragic accident that left him tetraplegic. Stirred by the appalling injury, Kinigadner and Mateschitz turned to leading scientists from across the globe to further tackle earlier discoveries revealing injured spinal cord nerve cells are capable of regeneration after specific types of treatment. Quickly recognizing that research into spinal cord injuries was underfunded, Kinigadner and Mateschitz organized the Wings for Life research foundation, which ultimately … Continue reading

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Untangling the Brain Circuits in Mental Illness

Posted: Published on May 27th, 2014

Depression. Anxiety Disorders. Addiction. Theyre some of the most common conditions affecting peoples health, and for millions with the most severe cases, conventional treatments such as psychotherapy and medication dont work adequately or simply dont work at all. What if there were a treatment that could target the specific brain circuits that caused these conditions and offer patients a long-lasting solution? National Institutes of Health Director Francis Collins and President Barack Obama held a news conference in April 2013 to launch the Brain Initiative, a $100 million challenge to uncover new ways to treat, prevent, and cure brain disorders like Alzheimers, schizophrenia, autism, epilepsy, and traumatic brain injury. Photo by Chuck Kennedy/White House A team of scientists and physicians led by UC San Francisco is launching a $26 million project, funded by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), to map the human brain circuits that go awry in neuropsychiatric disorders and employ advanced technology to correct these patterns. Its one of the first projects launched in support of the $100 million Brain Initiative (Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies), announced by President Barack Obama last year to support research on treating, preventing and perhaps curing brain disorders such as … Continue reading

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Military Plans To Test Brain Implants To Fight Mental Disorders

Posted: Published on May 27th, 2014

The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, or DARPA, is launching a $70 million program to help military personnel with psychiatric disorders using electronic devices implanted in the brain. The goal of the five-year program is to develop new ways of treating problems including depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder, all of which are common among service members who fought in Iraq or Afghanistan. "We've seen far too many times where military personnel have neuropsychiatric disorders and there's very few options," says Justin Sanchez, a program manager at DARPA. DARPA is known for taking on big technological challenges, from missile defense to creating a business plan for interstellar travel. In 2013, the agency announced it would play a big role in President Obama's initiative to explore the human brain. The new program will fund development of high-tech implanted devices able to both monitor and electrically stimulate specific brain circuits. The effort will be led by scientists at the University of California, San Francisco and Massachusetts General Hospital. Simple brain stimulation devices are already used to help patients with problems including Parkinson's disease. But DARPA wants something much more sophisticated, Sanchez says. "While those devices have been shown to be effective, they … Continue reading

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