An engineered bacterium is able to copy DNA that contains unnatural genetic code The addition of new letters to the 'alphabet of life' could enable biologists to vastly expand the range of proteins that they could synthesize. Credit: National Nanotechnology Initiative For billions of years, the history of life has been written with just four letters A, T, C and G, the labels given to the DNA subunits contained in all organisms. That alphabet has just grown longer, researchers announce, with the creation of a living cell that has two 'foreign' DNA building blocks in its genome. Hailed as a breakthrough by other scientists, the work is a step towards the synthesis of cells able to churn out drugs and other useful molecules. It also raises the possibility that cells could one day be engineered without any of the four DNA bases used by all organisms on Earth. What we have now is a living cell that literally stores increased genetic information, says Floyd Romesberg, a chemical biologist at the Scripps Research Institute in La Jolla, California, who led the 15-year effort. Their research appears online today inNature. Each strand of the DNA's double helix has a backbone of sugar … Continue reading
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