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Breakthrough in Stem Cell Research – UAB Kaleidoscope

Posted: Published on February 7th, 2014

A recent breakthrough in stem cell research has been made with the discovery of a new, simple method to create stem cells. The current method used to create stem cells, called induced pluripotent stem cells, was developed in Japan in 2006. The new method, called stimulus-triggered acquisition of pluripotency (STAP), was also developed in Japan. STAP cells were created by Haruko Obokata, a stem-cell biologist working at the RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology in Kobe, Japan. Obokata noticed that when cells were squeezed through a capillary tube, they would shrink to a size similar to the size of a stem cell. This led her to wonder if cells could revert to a pluripotent state when subjected to external stress. Obokata subjected cells to a multitude of stressors, but three in particular had the most effect: a bacterial toxin, an acidic pH, and physical squeezing of the cells. The next step was testing each method to see if it was, in fact, reverting the cells to a pluripotent state. Obokata injected stressed cells that were tagged with fluorescence into mouse embryos. Since pluripotent cells can differentiate to become any kind of cell, the mouse embryo was expected to be completely fluorescent. … Continue reading →

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Stem Cell Research at the 2014 NJ Symposium on Biomaterials Science

Posted: Published on February 7th, 2014

Piscataway, NJ (PRWEB) February 06, 2014 Mahendra Rao, MD, PhD, the Director of the Center for Regenerative Medicine (CRM) at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) has agreed to be a keynote speaker at the 12th edition of the New Jersey Symposium Biomaterials Science. Dr. Rao is internationally renowned for his research involving human embryonic stem cells and other somatic stem cells. He has worked in the stem cell field for more than 20 years with stints in academia, government and regulatory affairs, and industry. Dr. Rao will address the role of biomaterials for stem cell therapies in a session devoted to scientific breakthroughs leading to clinical applications. Along with Dr. Rao, the 12th edition of the New Jersey Symposium on Biomaterials Science will feature a roster of presentations by 30 leading scientists, many with global reputations for their work in academia and industry in the areas of biomaterials, bioengineering and clinical practice. Detailed information about the symposium and registration links will be found at http://www.njbiomaterials.org/biomaterials-symposia.htm. The New Jersey Center for Biomaterials (NJCBM) was founded in 1997. Based at Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, the center spans academia, industry and government. Staffed by biomaterial scientists, the Center works … Continue reading →

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FluidX Capper/Decapper – Video

Posted: Published on February 7th, 2014

FluidX Capper/Decapper By: Center for Genetic Medicine … Continue reading →

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JANUS MDT – Video

Posted: Published on February 7th, 2014

JANUS MDT By: Center for Genetic Medicine … Continue reading →

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JANUS Varispan – Video

Posted: Published on February 7th, 2014

JANUS Varispan By: Center for Genetic Medicine … Continue reading →

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Regents push for change in genetic medicine

Posted: Published on February 7th, 2014

Regents push for change in genetic medicine BY KEVIN SVEC | FEBRUARY 06, 2014 5:00 AM What was once confined only to science-fiction movies is now the subject of boardroom meetings. The University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, the home to the Iowa Institute of Human Genetics, plans to start a revolution in modern medicine. Today, most of the medication prescribed is based on the weight and body surface area of the patient. The institutes goal is to promote an alternative, which will be known as personal genomic medicine. Such medicine would cater to each patients specific needs. The medication prescribed would be based on the genetic makeup of a patient rather than her or his body index. Using a genetic test, scientists would be able to evaluate each patients needs, allowing health-care providers to personalize each drug treatment. The medicine will work with each individual patient based on her or his personal health risks. By personalizing the medicine, the doctors could increase the likelihood that the drug would have the best possible effect on each patient. Richard Smith, the director of the Institute of Human Genetics, noted several advantages of genomic medicine. Newborns would be able to have … Continue reading →

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Histones may hold the key to the generation of totipotent stem cells

Posted: Published on February 7th, 2014

12 hours ago This image shows iPS cells (green) generated using histone variants TH2A and TH2B and two Yamanaka factors (Oct3/4 and Klf4). Credit: RIKEN One major challenge in stem cell research has been to reprogram differentiated cells to a totipotent state. Researchers from RIKEN in Japan have identified a duo of histone proteins that dramatically enhance the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells) and may be the key to generating induced totipotent stem cells. Differentiated cells can be coaxed into returning to a stem-like pluripotent state either by artificially inducing the expression of four factors called the Yamanaka factors, or as recently shown by shocking them with sublethal stress, such as low pH or pressure. However, attempts to create totipotent stem cells capable of giving rise to a fully formed organism, from differentiated cells, have failed. The study, published today in the journal Cell Stem Cell and led by Dr. Shunsuke Ishii from RIKEN, sought to identify the molecule in the mammalian oocyte that induces the complete reprograming of the genome leading to the generation of totipotent embryonic stem cells. This is the mechanism underlying normal fertilization, as well as the cloning technique called Somatic-Cell Nuclear Transfer … Continue reading →

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Gene Therapy: Ethical Issues: Information from Answers.com

Posted: Published on February 6th, 2014

Gene therapy introduces or alters genetic material to compensate for a genetic mistake that causes disease. It is hoped that gene therapy can treat or cure diseases for which no other effective treatments are available. However, many unique technical and ethical considerations have been raised by this new form of treatment, and several levels of regulatory committees have been established to review each gene therapy clinical trial prior to its initiation in human subjects. Ethical considerations include deciding which cells should be used, how gene therapy can be safely tested and evaluated in humans, what components are necessary for informed consent, and which diseases and/or traits are eligible for gene therapy research. Germ Line Versus Somatic Cell Gene Therapy Virtually all cells in the human body contain genes, making them potential targets for gene therapy. However, these cells can be divided into two major categories: germ line cells (which include sperm and eggs) and somatic cells. There are fundamental differences between these cell types, and these differences have profound ethical implications. Gene therapy using germ line cells results in permanent changes that are passed down to subsequent generations. If done early in embryologic development, such as during preimplantation diagnosis and … Continue reading →

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Campagna informativa “Banca Dati Nazionale DNA” – Video

Posted: Published on February 6th, 2014

Campagna informativa "Banca Dati Nazionale DNA" Lo scopo quello di illustrare i vantaggi in termini di sicurezza per il cittadino, in un'ottica tanto di prevenzione quanto di repressione del crimine, fac... By: Palazzo Chigi … Continue reading →

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How Being Present Can Improve Your Child’s Brain Chemistry – Video

Posted: Published on February 6th, 2014

How Being Present Can Improve Your Child's Brain Chemistry Parents can help improve the brain chemistry of their children through the use of Dr. Sandy Gluckman's NeuroParenting Techniques. This is one example taught ... By: Dr. Sandy Gluckman … Continue reading →

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