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Cell energy sensor mechanism discovered: Studies linked to better understanding of cancer drugs

Posted: Published on February 21st, 2012

In a report in the Feb. 9 edition of Nature, the researchers showed that a chemical modification on the thermostat protein changes how it's controlled. Without the modification, cells use stored energy, and with it, they default to stockpiling resources. When cells don't properly allocate their energy supply, they can die off or become cancerous. The Johns Hopkins team focused especially on enzymes that add or remove so-called acetyl groups from protein molecules. "Understanding how cells are affected by adding acetyl groups to proteins, particularly those involved in energy use, is important because there is increasing use of drugs that block acetyl-removing enzymes for treatment of cancer and neurodegenerative diseases," says Jef Boeke, Ph.D., professor of molecular biology, genetics and oncology, and director of the High Throughput Biology Center at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. "Blocking acetyl-removing enzymes turns on anticancer genes that help fight cancer; however, it is not known what other genes and cellular processes may also be affected by these treatments." To determine which enzymes remove acetyl chemical groups from which proteins, the researchers engineered human cells with reduced levels of each of 12 enzymes known to remove acetyl chemical groups. In each of these … Continue reading

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Cell energy sensor mechanism discovered

Posted: Published on February 21st, 2012

Public release date: 21-Feb-2012 [ | E-mail | Share ] Contact: Vanessa McMains vmcmain1@jhmi.edu 410-502-9410 Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions Johns Hopkins and National Taiwan University researchers have discovered more details about how an energy sensing "thermostat" protein determines whether cells will store or use their energy reserves. In a report in the Feb. 9 edition of Nature, the researchers showed that a chemical modification on the thermostat protein changes how it's controlled. Without the modification, cells use stored energy, and with it, they default to stockpiling resources. When cells don't properly allocate their energy supply, they can die off or become cancerous. The Johns Hopkins team focused especially on enzymes that add or remove so-called acetyl groups from protein molecules. "Understanding how cells are affected by adding acetyl groups to proteins, particularly those involved in energy use, is important because there is increasing use of drugs that block acetyl-removing enzymes for treatment of cancer and neurodegenerative diseases," says Jef Boeke, Ph.D., professor of molecular biology, genetics and oncology, and director of the High Throughput Biology Center at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. "Blocking acetyl-removing enzymes turns on anticancer genes that help fight cancer; however, it is not known … Continue reading

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Research and Markets: Evolutionary Biology: Cell-Cell Communication, and Complex Disease – An Integrative View of the …

Posted: Published on February 21st, 2012

DUBLIN--(BUSINESS WIRE)-- Research and Markets (http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/b93d9c/evolutionary_biolo) has announced the addition of John Wiley and Sons Ltd's new book "Evolutionary Biology: Cell-Cell Communication, and Complex Disease" to their offering. Evolutionary Biology: Cell-Cell Communication, and Complex Disease - An Integrative View of the Evolution of Genetics and the Natural World Even in this advanced age of genomics, the evolutionary process of unicellular and multicellular organisms is continually in debate. Evolutionary Biology, Cell-Cell Communication, and Complex Disease challenges current wisdom by using physiology to present an integrative view of the nature, origins, and evolution of fundamental biological systems. Providing a deeper understanding of the way genes relate to the traits of living organisms, this book offers useful information applying evolutionary biology, functional genomics, and cell communication studies to complex disease. Examining the 4.5 billion-year evolution process from environment adaptations to cell-cell communication to communication of genetic information for reproduction, Evolutionary Biology hones in on the "why and how" of evolution by uniquely focusing on the cell as the smallest unit of biologic structure and function. Based on empirically derived data rather than association studies, Evolutionary Biology covers: A model for forming testable hypotheses in complex disease studies The integrating role played by the … Continue reading

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Energy network within cells may be new target for cancer therapy

Posted: Published on February 21st, 2012

Within each cell, mitochondria are constantly splitting in two, a process called fission, and merging back into one, called fusion. Before a cell can divide, the mitochondria must increase their numbers through fission and separate into two piles, one for each cell. By reversing an imbalance of the signals that regulate fusion and fission in rapidly dividing cancer cells, researchers were able to dramatically reduce cell division, thus preventing the rapid cell proliferation that is a hallmark of cancer growth. Increasing production of the signal that promotes mitochondrial fusion caused tumors to shrink to one-third of their original size. Treatment with a molecule that inhibits fission reduced tumor size by more than half. "We found that human lung cancer cell lines have an imbalance of signals that tilts them towards mitochondrial fission," said Stephen L. Archer, MD, the Harold Hines Jr. Professor of Medicine at the University of Chicago Medicine and senior author of the study. "By boosting the fusion signal or blocking the fission signal we were able to tip the balance the other way, reducing cancer cell growth and increasing cell death. We believe this provides a promising new approach to cancer treatment." "This could be a potential … Continue reading

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Celling Biosciences Sponsors 7th Annual Stem Cell Summit

Posted: Published on February 21st, 2012

AUSTIN, Texas, Feb. 21, 2012 /PRNewswire/ -- Celling Biosciences announces a sponsorship of the 7th Annual Stem Cell Summit being held on February 21st at Bridgewaters New York in New York City. The Stem Cell Summit is consistently the premiere venue for the world's leaders in regenerative medicine to network and promote next generation technologies and cell therapies. The meeting will feature more than 30 thought leaders in stem cell therapy including Dr. Kenneth Pettine of the Orthopedic Stem Cell Institute in Loveland, Colorado.  Dr. Pettine has teamed up with Celling Biosciences' SpineSmith Division to present "Adult Stem Cell Therapy for Orthopedic and Spine Conditions Resulting from Injury or Aging."  Dr. Pettine has become an innovator in the regenerative cell therapy market and believes "regenerative therapies will become the next standard of care in treating many orthopedic conditions."  Following the Stem Cell Summit, Dr. Pettine will be presenting a discussion on regenerative therapies to the trainers and medical staff attending this year's NFL combine.  The NFL has recently gained attention from Peyton Manning going oversees to receive a cell therapy treatment for his cervical spine condition.  Dr. Pettine envisions a day when these professional athletes stop going to foreign countries to … Continue reading

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VistaGen Therapeutics Engages MissionIR as Its Investor Relations Advisor

Posted: Published on February 21st, 2012

ATLANTA, GA--(Marketwire -02/21/12)- VistaGen Therapeutics, Inc. (OTC.BB: VSTA.OB - News) (OTCQB: VSTA.OB - News), a biotechnology company applying stem cell technology for drug rescue and cell therapy, has retained MissionIR, a national investor relations consulting firm, to develop and implement a strategic investor relations campaign. Through a network of investor-oriented online websites and full suite of investor awareness services, MissionIR broadens the influence of publicly traded companies and enhances their ability to attract growth capital and improve shareholder value. "VistaGen's work with human stem cell technology is groundbreaking," said Sherri Snyder, Director of Marketing at MissionIR. "The company's versatile platform, Human Clinical Trials in a Test Tube™, provides clinically relevant predictions of potential heart toxicity of new drug candidates long before they are ever tested on humans. Guided by a management team with decades of experience, VistaGen's stem cell technology can potentially save billions of dollars in the healthcare industry while recapturing prior R&D investment in once-promising new drug candidates." "We are pleased to bring MissionIR on board as our external investor relations partner," said Shawn Singh, VistaGen's Chief Executive Officer. "The crucial work our company is doing can fundamentally change the way medicine is developed. Paired with MissionIR's global … Continue reading

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Pathfinder Presents Preliminary Data on New Regenerative Approach to Diabetes Treatment

Posted: Published on February 21st, 2012

CAMBRIDGE, Mass., Feb. 21, 2012 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Pathfinder Cell Therapy, Inc. ("Pathfinder," or "the Company") (OTCQB:PFND.PK - News), a biotechnology company focused on the treatment of diabetes and other diseases characterized by organ-specific cell damage, today presented preliminary data highlighting the potential of the Company's unique cell-based therapy for treating diabetes at the 7th Annual New York Stem Cell Summit. Richard L. Franklin, M.D., Ph.D., Founder, CEO and President of Pathfinder, provided an overview of the Company's Pathfinder Cell ("PC") technology, and presented preclinical evidence demonstrating how treatment with PCs was able to reverse the symptoms of diabetes in two different mouse models. Pathfinder Cells are a newly identified non-stem cell mammalian cell type that has the ability to stimulate regeneration of damaged tissue without being incorporated into the new tissue. In today's presentation, Dr. Franklin showed how recent experiments performed using a non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse strain were supportive of earlier data that demonstrated complete reversal of diabetes in mice. The earlier results, which used a drug-induced diabetic mouse model, were published in Rejuvenation Research1. Though preliminary, the recent results are encouraging because the NOD mouse model is widely used and highly regarded as being predictive of human … Continue reading

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The Firm Alonso Krangle LLP Files Fosamax Lawsuit on Behalf of a Woman who Allegedly Suffered a Femur Fracture as a …

Posted: Published on February 21st, 2012

Attorneys Andres Alonso and David Krangle Announce that Alonso Krangle LLP has Filed Suit on Behalf of a Wisconsin Woman who was Diagnosed with a Right Femur Fracture after Using the Bisphosphonate, Fosamax, for over Five Years Melville, NY (PRWEB) February 20, 2012 The law firm Alonso Krangle LLP, a national law firm focused on fighting for the rights of victims due to drug side effects, announce their firm has filed a Fosamax lawsuit on behalf of Judy Kinning, a resident of Wisconsin, who was diagnosed with a right femur fracture after using the oral bisphosphonate, Fosamax, for over five years. Ms. Kinning’s Fosamax lawsuit was filed on January 30, 2012, in the Superior Court of New Jersey, Atlantic County Division, and names Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. f/k/a Merck & Company, Inc. and Teva Pharmaceuticals as Defendants (Docket No. ATL-L-000795-2012-MT) The lawyers at the firm Alonso Krangle LLP are currently offering free Fosamax lawsuit evaluations to anyone who experienced a femur fracture that may be due to Fosamax side effects. To discuss a potential Fosamax lawsuit claim with an experienced and compassionate Fosamax side effects lawyer, please contact Alonso Krangle LLP at 1-800-403-6191 or visit our website, http://www.FightForVictims.com According … Continue reading

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Alzheimer's drugs may have serious side-effects

Posted: Published on February 21st, 2012

Washington, Feb 20 (IANS) Drugs for Alzheimer's disease currently undergoing clinical trials may have adverse side-effects, warns a new study. The drugs could act like a bad electrician, causing neurons (nerve cells) to be miswired and tripping their ability to message the brain, suggests the study. "Let's proceed with caution," said Robert Vassar, professor of cell and molecular biology at Feinberg School of Medicine, who led the study conducted on mice, the journal Molecular Neurodegeneration reports. "We have to keep our eyes open for potential side effects of these drugs." Ironically, the drugs could impair memory, said Vassar, according to a Feinberg statement. The drugs are designed to inhibit BACE1, the enzyme Vassar originally discovered that promotes the development of the clumps of plaque that characterise Alzheimer's. BACE1 acts as a molecular scissors, cutting up and releasing proteins that form the plaques. Thus, drug developers believed blocking the enzyme might slow the disease. But in Vassar's new study, he found BACE1 also has a critical role as the brain's electrician. The enzyme maps out the location of axons, the wires that connect neurons to the brain and the rest of the nervous system. Working with mice from which BACE1 was … Continue reading

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New Diet Pill Side-Effects Under Scrutiny By FDA Regulators

Posted: Published on February 21st, 2012

February 20, 2012 A weight-loss drug currently under a second review from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is causing concerns that it may be responsible for birth defects and heart problems, according to documents released by the agency on Friday. The drug, developed by Vivus, was rejected by the agency in 2010, largely because of those risks. A committee of outside advisers to the FDA will meet this week to reconsider whether the drug, called Qnexa, should move forward in the approval process, reports Andrew Pollack for the NY Times. Obesity specialists and patient advocates agree there is a huge need for obesity drugs to bridge a treatment gap between diet and exercise, which do not work for many people, and bariatric surgery, which is expensive and not suitable for those with specialized medical conditions. The FDA, however, has been cautious with approving diet drugs, in part because with two-thirds of American adults overweight or obese, such drugs might be used for a long time by millions of people. There is an FDA Advisory Panel meeting this month that is tasked with combing through 2-years’ worth of clinical data. When Qnexa was last reviewed, the Agency only had 1-year’s … Continue reading

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