Sarah C.P. Williams | January 27, 2020
UCLA researchers are part of an international team that reported the use of a stem cell gene therapy to treat nine people with the rare, inherited blood disease known as X-linked chronic granulomatous disease, or X-CGD. Six of those patients are now in remission and have stopped other treatments. Before now, people with X-CGD which causes recurrent infections, prolonged hospitalizations for treatment, and a shortened lifespan had to rely on bone marrow donations for a chance at remission.
With this gene therapy, you can use a patients own stem cells instead of donor cells for a transplant, said Dr. Donald Kohn, a member of theEli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at UCLA and a senior author of the new paper, published todayin the journal Nature Medicine. This means the cells are perfectly matched to the patient and it should be a much safer transplant, without the risks of rejection.
People with chronic granulomatous disease, or CGD, have a genetic mutation in one of five genes that help white blood cells attack and destroy bacteria and fungus using a burst of chemicals. Without this defensive chemical burst, patients with the disease are much more susceptible to infections than most people. The infections can be severe to life-threatening, including infections of the skin or bone and abscesses in organs such as lungs, liver or brain. The most common form of CGD is a subtype called X-CGD, which affects only males and is caused by a mutation in a gene found on the X-chromosome.
Other than treating infections as they occur and taking rotating courses of preventive antibiotics, the only treatment option for people with CGD is to receive a bone marrow transplant from a healthy matched donor. Bone marrow contains stem cells called hematopoietic, or blood-forming, stem cells, which produce white blood cells. Bone marrow from a healthy donor can produce functioning white blood cells that effectively ward off infection. But it can be difficult to identify a healthy matched bone marrow donor and the recovery from the transplant can have complications such as graft versus host disease, and risks of infection and transplant rejection.
Patients can certainly get better with these bone marrow transplants, but it requires finding a matched donor and even with a match, there are risks, Kohn said. Patients must take anti-rejection drugs for six to 12 months so that their bodies dont attack the foreign bone marrow.
In the new approach, Kohn teamed up with collaborators at the United Kingdoms National Health Service, France-based Genethon, the U.S. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases at the National Institutes of Health, and Boston Childrens Hospital. The researchers removed hematopoietic stem cells from X-CGD patients and modified the cells in the laboratory to correct the genetic mutation. Then, the patients own genetically modified stem cells now healthy and able to produce white blood cells that can make the immune-boosting burst of chemicals were transplanted back into their own bodies. While the approach is new in X-CGD, Kohn previously pioneereda similar stem cell gene therapyto effectively cure a form of severe combined immune deficiency (also known as bubble baby disease) in more than 50 babies.
The viral delivery system for the X-CGD gene therapy was developed and fine-tuned by Professor Adrian Thrashers team at Great Ormond Street Hospital, or GOSH, in London, who collaborated with Kohn. The patients ranged in age from 2 to 27 years old; four were treated at GOSH and five were treated in the U.S., including one patient at UCLA Health.
Two people in the new study died within three months of receiving the treatment due to severe infections that they had already been battling before gene therapy. The seven surviving patients were followed for 12 to 36 months after receiving the stem cell gene therapy. All remained free of new CGD-related infections, and six of the seven have been able to discontinue their usual preventive antibiotics.
None of the patients had complications that you might normally see from donor cells and the results were as good as youd get from a donor transplant or better, Kohn said.
An additional four patients have been treated since the new paper was written; all are currently free of new CGD-related infections and no complications have arisen.
Orchard Therapeutics, a biotechnology company of which Kohn is a scientific co-founder, acquired the rights to the X-CGD investigational gene therapy from Genethon. Orchard will work with regulators in the U.S. and Europe to carry out a larger clinical trial to further study this innovative treatment. The aim is to apply for regulatory approval to make the treatment commercially available, Kohn said.
Kohn and his colleagues plan to develop similar treatments for the other forms of CGD caused by four other genetic mutations that affect the same immune function as X-CGD.
Beyond CGD, there are also other diseases caused by proteins missing in white blood cells that could be treated in similar ways, Kohn said.
The research was supported by grants from the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine; the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, both at the National Institutes of Health; the Wellcome Trust; Boston Childrens Hospital; the National Institute for Health Research Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre; the Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and University College London; the Great Ormond Street Hospital Childrens Charity; the AFM-Tlthon, French Muscular Dystrophy Association; and the European Commission through the Net4CGDconsortium.
Original post:
Six patients with rare blood disease are doing well after gene therapy clinical trial - UCLA Newsroom
- Muscular .Dystrophy -Successful-treatment by acupressure , Ayurveda, Yoga - May 10th, 2011 [May 10th, 2011]
- Muscular Dystrophy Treatment - Todd Harrison Improving Balance - May 16th, 2011 [May 16th, 2011]
- Oculopharyngeal Muscular Dystrophy (OPMD): Exploring Causes and Treatment - May 20th, 2011 [May 20th, 2011]
- Muscular Dystrophy Treatment - Todd Harrison holding body weight - May 21st, 2011 [May 21st, 2011]
- David G VECTTOR Muscular Dystrophy Treatment double arm strength month 6 - May 22nd, 2011 [May 22nd, 2011]
- David Gould Becker Muscular Dystrophy VECTTOR Treatment - June 2nd, 2011 [June 2nd, 2011]
- Muscular Dystrophy Halo - June 3rd, 2011 [June 3rd, 2011]
- Muscular Dystrophy VECTTOR Treatment Documentary - Todd's 6 Month Journey - June 7th, 2011 [June 7th, 2011]
- Muscular Dystrophy Treatment Results - David Gould - New Footage - June 8th, 2011 [June 8th, 2011]
- Muscular Dystrophy - Rewriting History with VECTTOR - June 10th, 2011 [June 10th, 2011]
- Muscular Dystrophy - David Gould 5 month VECTTOR treatment for BMD - June 12th, 2011 [June 12th, 2011]
- Duchenne's Muscular Dystrophy Stem Cell Treatment - Reelabs India - June 14th, 2011 [June 14th, 2011]
- Muscular Dystrophy VECTTOR Treatment - Todd Harrison/Luau Presentation - June 16th, 2011 [June 16th, 2011]
- Dr. William Rader - Muscular Dystrophy Breakthrough - June 16th, 2011 [June 16th, 2011]
- Muscular Dystrophy patient at Xcell-center - Nabeel Mohamed Abdulhusain, 46 years - June 17th, 2011 [June 17th, 2011]
- Charlie's Story: Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Part 4 - July 18th, 2011 [July 18th, 2011]
- Muscular Dystrophy VECTTOR Treatment - David Gould/Luau Presentation - July 19th, 2011 [July 19th, 2011]
- Testimonial 4 of Muscular Dystrophy after Stem Cell Therapy - August 5th, 2011 [August 5th, 2011]
- Drug Combo Dynamic in Muscular Dystrophy - August 9th, 2011 [August 9th, 2011]
- Testimonial for Fetal Stem Cell Treatment of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy - August 25th, 2011 [August 25th, 2011]
- Improvement seen in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy after Stem Cell Therapy - September 11th, 2011 [September 11th, 2011]
- Muscular Dystrophy STS/VECTTOR treatment results - September 24th, 2011 [September 24th, 2011]
- Muscular Dystrophy VECTTOR Treatment Documentary - Todd's One Year Journey - October 2nd, 2011 [October 2nd, 2011]
- Muscular Dystrophy Treatment Day 18 - Todd Harrison's Improvement - October 2nd, 2011 [October 2nd, 2011]
- Wang Yisheng - Muscular Dystrophy Adult Stem Cell Patient - October 9th, 2011 [October 9th, 2011]
- Becker Muscular Dystrophy Miracle TREATMENT - October 11th, 2011 [October 11th, 2011]
- Muscular dystrophy patient_Kleber_Brazil.wmv - October 12th, 2011 [October 12th, 2011]
- Testimonial 1 of Muscular Dystrophy after Stem Cell Therapy - Video - October 18th, 2011 [October 18th, 2011]
- Becker Muscular Dystrophy STS Treatment - Video - October 18th, 2011 [October 18th, 2011]
- Potential Stem Cell treatment of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy - Video - October 21st, 2011 [October 21st, 2011]
- Muscular Dystrophy treated by Dr Rajesh Shah at Life Force - Video - October 22nd, 2011 [October 22nd, 2011]
- Defying Muscular Dystrophy - I Made It - Video - October 23rd, 2011 [October 23rd, 2011]
- Becker Muscular Dystrophy AMAZING treatment results - Video - October 27th, 2011 [October 27th, 2011]
- First targeted treatment success for Duchenne muscular dystrophy - Video - November 6th, 2011 [November 6th, 2011]
- 125 Days of VECTTOR Treatment Progress - November 18th, 2011 [November 18th, 2011]
- Becker Muscular Dystrophy WALKING ABILITY IMPROVED - Video - November 25th, 2011 [November 25th, 2011]
- PT Muscular Dystrophy Treatment Results - Video - December 5th, 2011 [December 5th, 2011]
- Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Treated by Cellmedicine - Video - January 8th, 2012 [January 8th, 2012]
- muscular DYSTROPHY treatment IN HOMEOPATH.mp4 - Video - January 28th, 2012 [January 28th, 2012]
- Giulio's strategy is to cure dystrophy with stem cell treatment - Video - January 31st, 2012 [January 31st, 2012]
- Parent Project Muscular Dystrophy is a Featured Nonprofit Selected by Webkinz(TM) Foundation - February 1st, 2012 [February 1st, 2012]
- MDA Awards More Than $12 Million in Grants to Advance Neuromuscular Disease Research - February 1st, 2012 [February 1st, 2012]
- "For treatment we will have in the future" - Video - February 2nd, 2012 [February 2nd, 2012]
- Renowned Pediatric Cardiology Physician-Scientist Linda Cripe Joins Nationwide Children's Hospital - February 3rd, 2012 [February 3rd, 2012]
- JumpStart Invests $250,000 in Milo Biotechnology - February 14th, 2012 [February 14th, 2012]
- When nerve meets muscle, biglycan seals the deal - February 14th, 2012 [February 14th, 2012]
- Medical clinics offer help for Big Island children - February 16th, 2012 [February 16th, 2012]
- Dateline Long Beach: The Aquatic Center brings swim therapy to disabled - February 19th, 2012 [February 19th, 2012]
- Parent Project Muscular Dystrophy Awards $500,000 to Tivorsan Pharmaceuticals - February 21st, 2012 [February 21st, 2012]
- Cure Duchenne Announces Three New Funded Research Projects to Help Develop Treatments and Find a Cure for Duchenne ... - February 21st, 2012 [February 21st, 2012]
- Ligand Licenses DARA Program to Retrophin - February 21st, 2012 [February 21st, 2012]
- AVI BioPharma Regains NASDAQ Compliance - February 23rd, 2012 [February 23rd, 2012]
- Scientists create potent molecules aimed at treating muscular dystrophy - February 23rd, 2012 [February 23rd, 2012]
- AVI BioPharma Announces Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2011 Financial Results and Corporate Update Conference Call - February 23rd, 2012 [February 23rd, 2012]
- Pembroke's Christine McSherry is an 'Inspirational Woman' - February 25th, 2012 [February 25th, 2012]
- The Rare Clinical Diseases Research Network - February 25th, 2012 [February 25th, 2012]
- A Solution for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy? - Research Summary - February 28th, 2012 [February 28th, 2012]
- A Solution for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy? -- In Depth Doctor's Interview - February 28th, 2012 [February 28th, 2012]
- Antisense oligonucleotides make sense in myotonic dystrophy - February 28th, 2012 [February 28th, 2012]
- A life of dependence - February 29th, 2012 [February 29th, 2012]
- Nationwide Children's Hospital neuromuscular disorder podcasts now available on iTunes - March 2nd, 2012 [March 2nd, 2012]
- Next-generation DNA sequencing to improve diagnosis for muscular dystrophy - March 6th, 2012 [March 6th, 2012]
- The Dire Limits of Health Care - March 7th, 2012 [March 7th, 2012]
- AVI BioPharma Announces Late-Breaker Oral Presentation of Phase IIb DMD Study at 2012 AAN Annual Meeting in April - March 12th, 2012 [March 12th, 2012]
- Cataracts affect millions of people around the globe, and for many of us they will be a normal part of our aging ... - March 14th, 2012 [March 14th, 2012]
- Your Health: Duchenne's Muscular Dystrophy - March 16th, 2012 [March 16th, 2012]
- Newborn Screening for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Shows Promise as an International Model - March 20th, 2012 [March 20th, 2012]
- Newborn screening for DMD shows promise as an international model - March 20th, 2012 [March 20th, 2012]
- Rhenovia launches drug discovery for Huntington's disease - March 20th, 2012 [March 20th, 2012]
- Halo Therapeutics Reports Favorable Independent Review of Lead Drug Candidate HT-100 - March 21st, 2012 [March 21st, 2012]
- Invasive treatment strategy may increase survival for patients with certain neuromuscular disorder - March 28th, 2012 [March 28th, 2012]
- Parent Project Muscular Dystrophy Endorses FAST Act Legislation to Expedite FDA Review of Life-Saving Therapies - March 29th, 2012 [March 29th, 2012]
- AVI BioPharma Announces Conference Call and Webcast on Monday, April 2, 2012, to Discuss Top-Line Data Results From ... - March 31st, 2012 [March 31st, 2012]
- Drug for rare disease may lift AVI BioPharma shares: Barron's - April 2nd, 2012 [April 2nd, 2012]
- AVI BioPharma Announces Eteplirsen Meets Primary Endpoint, Demonstrating a Significant Increase in Dystrophin at 24 ... - April 2nd, 2012 [April 2nd, 2012]
- U.S. Stock Futures Little Changed Before Factory Report - April 2nd, 2012 [April 2nd, 2012]
- Leading experts on congenital muscular dystrophy convene at University of Nevada, Reno - April 20th, 2012 [April 20th, 2012]
- Nature Publishes Work Utilizing N-Gene's Core Technology to Advance the Treatment of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy - April 20th, 2012 [April 20th, 2012]
- Getting the boots filled - April 29th, 2012 [April 29th, 2012]
- Local business, civic leaders 'arrested' for MDA fundraiser - May 3rd, 2012 [May 3rd, 2012]