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Medical imaging – Wikipedia

Posted: Published on September 4th, 2017

This article is about imaging techniques and modalities for the human body. For imaging of animals in research, see Preclinical imaging. Medical imaging is the technique and process of creating visual representations of the interior of a body for clinical analysis and medical intervention, as well as visual representation of the function of some organs or tissues (physiology). Medical imaging seeks to reveal internal structures hidden by the skin and bones, as well as to diagnose and treat disease. Medical imaging also establishes a database of normal anatomy and physiology to make it possible to identify abnormalities. Although imaging of removed organs and tissues can be performed for medical reasons, such procedures are usually considered part of pathology instead of medical imaging. As a discipline and in its widest sense, it is part of biological imaging and incorporates radiology which uses the imaging technologies of X-ray radiography, magnetic resonance imaging, medical ultrasonography or ultrasound, endoscopy, elastography, tactile imaging, thermography, medical photography and nuclear medicine functional imaging techniques as positron emission tomography (PET) and Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). Measurement and recording techniques which are not primarily designed to produce images, such as electroencephalography (EEG), magnetoencephalography (MEG), electrocardiography (ECG), and others … Continue reading →

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Split-brain fruit fly research gives insight into autism – Nevada Today

Posted: Published on September 3rd, 2017

A better understanding of the cause of autism may come from an unlikely source,eurological studies of the fruit fly. Neuroscientists working in the biology department at the University of Nevada, Reno have identified a new genetic mechanism they believe is responsible for disruption of the brain pathways connecting the left and right hemispheres of the brain; which has separately been linked to autism. This is an exciting find, Thomas Kidd, associate professor in the University's biology department, said. In the one striking mutant, called commissureless or comm, there are almost no connections between the two sides of the fruit flys nervous system. The fruit fly nervous system research was conducted in Kidds lab over several years. Fruit flies have brains and nerve cords that form using molecules surprisingly similar to those in human brains and spinal cords. The study, published in the scientific journal PLOS Genetics, shows that the human gene, called PRRG4, functions the same way as the fruit fly Comm at the molecular level, regulating which signals neurons can respond to in their environment. The Comm gene was thought to be unique to insects but our work shows that it is not, Elizabeth Justice, lead author of the … Continue reading →

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Genes causing intellectual disabilities identified – The Indian Express

Posted: Published on September 3rd, 2017

By: IANS | London | Updated: September 3, 2017 7:01 pm The researchers expect this mechanism to help and play a role in a much larger proportion for patients with intellectual disabilities. (Source: Thinkstock Images) Researchers have discovered 15 genes that play a role in the development of intellectual disabilities. Intellectual disabilities are often caused by a mutation that damages a gene responsible for protein production in cells thus preventing the associated protein from functioning properly. In a number of disease-related genes, it is shown that a de novo mutation does not eliminate the gene, but probably alters its function. To find out how often this mechanism is involved, researchers combined the gene mutations in Dutch patients with a large international database comprising de novo mutations in patients. A de novo mutation is a genetic alteration that is present for the first time in one family member as a result of a variant (or mutation) in a germ cell (egg or sperm) of one of the parents, or a variant that arises in the fertilised egg itself during early embryogenesis. The results of the study, published in the American Journal of Human Genetics, showed 15 genes in which mutations cluster … Continue reading →

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Celtic-daft kid with cerebral palsy goes viral for his ‘Wish to Walk’ campaign – Scottish Daily Record

Posted: Published on September 3rd, 2017

Irish youngster Rory Gallagher has went viral with his fundraising campaign for life-changing treatment in America - while wearing a Celtic kit. The four-year-old has cerebral palsy and his parents were told at eight months old that he would never talk or walk. However, against all odds Rory can now talk and the Gallagher family have set their next target on walking. Rory - who can be seen to be wearing his Celtic top in snaps on his page - requires double hip surgeries as well as Femoral Osteotomy surgery. This has to be carried out on both of his thigh bones at the Boston Children's Hospital at a cost of a staggering 121,334. So far the family have raised just over 58K. He has now appealed to the Parkhead side on Twitter - and has been applauded by fans from both side of Glasgow. A Hoops supporter commented on Twitter: "Well done Rory keep up the fight - we are all behind you." Another added: "Go on Rory you show them." A Rangers fan added: "From a Rangers fan, this is awesome! What a wee warrior he is!" Following the popular tweet the family thanked the public for their … Continue reading →

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Parkinson’s symptoms reversed in monkeys by groundbreaking new treatment – The Independent

Posted: Published on September 3rd, 2017

A treatment that could reverse some of the main symptoms of Parkinsons disease potentially enabling patients to recover enough control of their movements to play tennis is set to be trialled in humans for the first time. In what was described as a major leap forward, scientists in Japan managed to significantly improve the condition of monkeys given an artificially induced version of the disease. They did this by taking tissue from adult humans and turning it into stem cells, which are capable of becomingany kind of cell. These were then used to create new brain cells in the monkeys, with dramatic results. Parkinsons involves a progressive loss of brain cells that release a chemical called dopamine, causing the trademark uncontrollable shaking and loss of balance. The success of the experiment raises hopes of reproducing astonishing results achieved by transplanting brain tissue from foetuses into Parkinsons patients in the 1990s. This appeared to be hugely successful, until major sideeffects were discovered and the trials had to be stopped. The scientists in Japan monitored the monkeys for signs of cancer and other feared sideeffects, but have concluded it was now safe to proceed to clinical trials in people. Writing in the … Continue reading →

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US diplomats suffered ‘brain injuries’ in Cuba ‘sonic harassment’ attack – Hindustan Times

Posted: Published on September 3rd, 2017

Some of the diplomats hurt in a mystery sonic harassment attack on the US embassy in Cuba suffered brain injuries or permanent hearing loss, their staff association said on Friday. Washington recently said at least 16 embassy employees were injured in a series of incidents in Havana that began last year, but officials have not revealed the extent of the injuries. Now, the American Foreign Service Association the labor union representing US diplomatic and international aid personnel has been able to speak to 10 of those who received treatment. Diagnoses include mild traumatic brain injury and permanent hearing loss, with such additional symptoms as loss of balance, severe headaches, cognitive disruption and brain swelling, it said. The State Department has called the attacks unprecedented and has warned Havana it is responsible for the safety of envoys working on its soil without saying who it believes was behind them. Staff members at the US mission, which was reopened as a full embassy in 2015 after a half-century Cold War breakdown in diplomatic relations began reporting sick last year. US officials have told reporters they believe some kind of sonic device was used to covertly undermine the envoys health. Some of the … Continue reading →

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The Race Is on for a ‘Concussion Pill’ as New NFL Season Begins … – Bleacher Report

Posted: Published on September 3rd, 2017

Courtesy of Astrocyte Pharmaceuticals Imagine a pill that could make all the NFL's concussion problems go away. Imagine a treatmentor a battery of treatments, therapies and toolsthat eradicates CTE and makes concussions only slightly more mysterious and threatening than sprained ankles. Imagine equipment that provides swift, precise diagnoses, pills that provide immediate relief and speedy recovery and medications that can actually repair the damage that causes long-term brain damage. Imagine wonder drugs that improve (and sometimes save) the lives of not only football players, but also of military veterans, crash victims, stroke victims, opioid addicts and perhaps even those with Alzheimer's disease. It sounds like science fiction. Or a Roger Goodell daydream. But the race to find just such treatments is already underway, and significant progress has already been made. The "concussion pill" may be coming soon. "This is coming in 2025 if all goes well," Dr. William Korinek,the CEO of Astrocyte Pharmaceuticals, said of a drug that turbocharges the brain's ability to heal its own damage. Dr. Kun Ping Lu, who's working on a medication that destroys the compounds that cause brain damage, isn't quite that optimistic but said, "I hope it should be here in 10 years." From … Continue reading →

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Letter: Perpetuating ‘scientific’ myths about biotechnology – Mountain Xpress

Posted: Published on September 2nd, 2017

Your May 17 article about genetic engineering [Facts, Fears and the Future of Food] is so chock-full of glib falsehoods that I hardly know where to begin. I would have far more respect for the science behind biotechnology if it didnt depend so heavily on half-truths, double standards, unwarranted assumptions, blurred distinctions and conflicts of interest. Jack Britt says that the same microorganisms move genes between species both in nature and in genetic engineering, and therefore the methods are the same. This is half true. In the latter, various techniques are employed to either bypass or weaken the natural immunity of the organism being manipulated, often literally forcing the DNA into the cells in ways that would never occur in nature. Stating that many organisms are naturally GMO, and therefore implying that we have carte blanche to do whatever we wish, isnt just a stretch, its a whopper. Britt and Leah McGrath emphasize the precision of these techniques. Again, this is a perversion of the truth. In fact, this is merely a precision of abstractions, because the living organism is then going to move these genes around in ways that cant possibly be controlled or predicted. The only way to … Continue reading →

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Biotechnology building debuts state-of-the-art E-Wing | CU Boulder … – CU Boulder Today

Posted: Published on September 2nd, 2017

As Boulders biotech community continues to thrive and grow, theJennie Smoly Caruthers Biotechnology Buildingdebuted its state-of-the-art E-Wing on Monday. The 56,340-square-foot E-Wingwill feature next-generation active learning spaces where students learn by doing rather than by being lectured, as well as laboratory space wherecurrent and future faculty in the BioFrontiers Instituteand the Department of Chemicaland Biological Engineering will be able tocontinue their groundbreaking research. Mondays ribbon-cutting event honored Colorado-based philanthropists John and Anna Sie, whose generous $2 million gift will allow for the creation of an industry co-location space on the E-Wings second floor. The space will be leased to industry partners, allowing local and national biotech companies to bring scientists and resources on-site in order to work side-by-side with university students and researchers. CU Boulder Chancellor Philip DiStefano and Tom Cech, Nobel Laureate and director of the BioFrontiers Institute, were on hand to officially open the Yuan Yung-Foo Interdisciplinary Bioscience Research Neighborhood and thanked the Sies for their continued support of BioFrontiers and the universitys research mission. The Sies, whose philanthropic generosity is well known in the state of Colorado and around the world, have provided stalwart support for the BioFrontiers Institute for many years and in many ways, said … Continue reading →

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Kerala eyes investments in biotechnology – The Hindu

Posted: Published on September 2nd, 2017

Signalling Keralas intention to transform itself into one of the top destinations in the biotechnology sector, scientists, technologists and technocrats have pledged support to the government in its efforts to promote the establishment of biotech industries. A conclave organised by the Kerala Biotechnology Commission (KBC) here on Thursday stressed the need to harness the immense biological resources and human potential in the State to create an enabling ecosystem and attract investments in the sector. Inaugurating the event, Minister for Water Resources Mathew T.Thomas said Kerala, with its rich biodiversity, unique spices and traditional systems of medicine offered unprecedented opportunities for biotechnology- based industries. Pointing out that the sector had registered low growth, despite the governments efforts to improve infrastructural facilities, the Minister said the Biotechnology Park at Kalamassery and the Life Sciences Park at Thiruvananthapuram would be promoted as hubs of biotechnology- based industries. Biotechnology, the Minister said, could play a major role in increasing agricultural productivity as well as in other sectors like the environment, animal husbandry, bio fuels and aquaculture. Ecosystem The government was committed to the creation of an ecosystem for the establishment of biotech- based industries, the Minister added. Presiding over the inaugural function, V.K.Ramachandran, Vice … Continue reading →

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