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What is a cell? – Genetics Home Reference

Posted: Published on October 16th, 2015

Cells are the basic building blocks of all living things. The human body is composed of trillions of cells. They provide structure for the body, take in nutrients from food, convert those nutrients into energy, and carry out specialized functions. Cells also contain the bodys hereditary material and can make copies of themselves. Cells have many parts, each with a different function. Some of these parts, called organelles, are specialized structures that perform certain tasks within the cell. Human cells contain the following major parts, listed in alphabetical order: Within cells, the cytoplasm is made up of a jelly-like fluid (called the cytosol) and other structures that surround the nucleus. The cytoskeleton is a network of long fibers that make up the cells structural framework. The cytoskeleton has several critical functions, including determining cell shape, participating in cell division, and allowing cells to move. It also provides a track-like system that directs the movement of organelles and other substances within cells. This organelle helps process molecules created by the cell. The endoplasmic reticulum also transports these molecules to their specific destinations either inside or outside the cell. The Golgi apparatus packages molecules processed by the endoplasmic reticulum to be transported … Continue reading →

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Chemistry – For Dummies

Posted: Published on October 16th, 2015

The Changing States of Solids, Liquids, and Gases When a substance goes from one state of matter solid, liquid, or gas to another state of matter, the process is a change of state. Some rather interesting things occur during this process. [more] Chemistry is a branch of science that studies the composition and properties of matter and the changes it undergoes. Chemistry is far more than a collection of facts and a body of knowledge. Its all about [more] Most chemists operate in two worlds of work. One is the macroscopic world that you see, feel, and touch. Chemists also operate in the microscopic world that you cant directly see, feel, or touch. [more] Chemists can classify matter as solid, liquid, or gas. But there are other ways to classify matter, as well such as pure substances and mixtures. Classification is one of the basic processes in science [more] Scientists are often called on to make measurements of matter, which may include such things as mass (weight), volume, and temperature. A worldwide measurement system has been adopted to ensure that scientists [more] When chemists study chemical substances, they examine two types of properties: chemical properties and physical properties. Some physical … Continue reading →

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Triggers of Eczema | Causes of Eczema | National Eczema …

Posted: Published on October 15th, 2015

The exact causes of eczema are unknown. You might have inherited a tendency for eczema. You may have a family member who has eczema or who has hay fever (allergic rhinitis) or asthma. Many doctors think eczema causes are linked to allergic disease, such as hay fever or asthma. Doctors call this the atopic triad. Many children with eczema (up to 80%) will develop hay fever and/or asthma. There are many triggers of eczema that can make it flare or get worse. Below are some of the common triggers. You should learn what triggers your eczema to flare, and then try to avoid it. Irritants can make your symptoms worse. What irritates you may be different from what irritates someone else with the condition, but could include: If your genes make you more likely to develop atopic eczema, the condition will develop after you are exposed to certain environmental factors, such as allergens. Allergens are substances that can cause the body to react abnormally. This is known as an allergic reaction. Some of the most common allergens that can be causes of eczema include: Some types of microbe can be triggers of eczema: Atopic eczema can sometimes be caused by … Continue reading →

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Eczema Home Remedies – eMedicineHealth

Posted: Published on October 15th, 2015

Eczema (cont.) Eczema Prevention Avoid, when possible, whatever triggers the rash. See Self-Care at Home for other ideas on preventing eczema flares. Atopic dermatitis usually spontaneously improves in most individuals after puberty. In a few unfortunate individuals, it becomes chronic, resulting in occasional flares often at times of very low humidity (such as wintertime with the heat on). It may also return much later in adulthood and may prove especially difficult to manage. The role of psychological stress inducing flares of the dermatitis is poorly understood. There is no question that when the condition flares and sleep is inhibited by itching, one's normal ability to deal with emotional problems is diminished. Repeated scratching of the rash can cause toughening of the skin. Small patches of the skin can become thickened and like leather. This condition is called lichen simplex chronicus. The scrotum and vulva are common areas for adult patients with a history of eczema to develop a persistent itch and develop such lichenification. (It would be very unusual for the penis itself to be involved in such cases and other diagnoses should be considered if it appears to be affected.) Eczema causes skin sores and cracks that are susceptible … Continue reading →

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Treatment – Epilepsy – Mayo Clinic

Posted: Published on October 15th, 2015

Doctors generally begin by treating epilepsy with medication. If medications don't treat the condition, doctors may propose surgery or another type of treatment. Most people with epilepsy can become seizure-free by taking one anti-seizure medication, called anti-epileptic medication. Others may be able to decrease the frequency and intensity of their seizures by taking a combination of medications. Your doctor will advise you about the appropriate time to stop taking medications. More than half the children with epilepsy who aren't experiencing epilepsy symptoms can eventually discontinue medications and live a seizure-free life. Many adults also can discontinue medications after two or more years without seizures. Finding the right medication and dosage can be complex. Your doctor will consider your condition, frequency of seizures, your age and other factors when choosing which medication to prescribe. Your doctor will also review any other medications you may be taking, to ensure the anti-epileptic medications won't interact with them. Your doctor likely will first prescribe a single medication at a relatively low dosage and may increase the dosage gradually until your seizures are well-controlled. Anti-seizure medications may have some side effects. Mild side effects include: More severe but rare side effects include: To achieve the … Continue reading →

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Knee Stem Cell Therapy – Surgery & Replacement Alternative

Posted: Published on October 15th, 2015

Regenexx Knee Stem Cell Therapy for Injuries and ArthritisChris Centeno2015-08-07T15:30:40+00:00 The Regenexx family ofnon-surgical stem cell and blood platelet procedures offer next-generation injection treatments for those who are suffering from knee pain or may be facing knee surgery or knee replacement due to common tendon, ligament and bone injuries, arthritis and other degenerative conditions. As an alternative to knee surgery or knee replacement, Regenexx procedures may help alleviate knee pain and the conditions that cause it with a same-day office injection procedure. Unlike traditional surgery, Regenexx patients are typically encouraged to walk the same day, and most patients experience very little down time from the procedure. Knee Patient Results | Regenexx SD Procedure Overview | ACL Injuries | Meniscus Tears This is not a complete list of conditions treated, but the most common knee conditions we have treated throughout the years. If you are experiencing knee pain, injury, or arthritis, please contact us or complete the candidacy form below to learn more about whether the Regenexx Procedures are right for you. This Regenexx-SD (same-day) bone marrow derived stem cell treatment outcome data analysis is part of the Regenexx data download of patients who were tracked in the Regenexx advanced patient … Continue reading →

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Retinitis Pigmentosa – Fighting Blindness

Posted: Published on October 15th, 2015

9Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) refers to a group of inherited diseases that affect the photoreceptor (light sensing) cells responsible for capturing images from the visual field. These cells line the back of the eye in the region known as the retina. People with RP experience a gradual decline in their vision because the two types of photoreceptor cells rod and cone cells die. Rod cells are present throughout the retina, except for the very centre, and they help with night vision. Cone cells are also present throughout the retina, but are concentrated in the central region of the retina (the macula). They are useful for central (reading) vision and for colour vision. In RP, the rod cells, and eventually the cone cells stop working, causing vision loss; however, many people with RP retain useful central vision well into middle age. Rod cells are usually initially involved as previously mentioned, and difficulty seeing in dim light, including transitioning from light to dark and vice versa, is one of the earliest symptoms experienced. There can be a very variable range in the onset of RP. Some people are diagnosed in childhood while others are not affected until they are adults. The condition is … Continue reading →

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Stem cell treatments in India|StemRx BioScience Solutions

Posted: Published on October 15th, 2015

Bioscience Solutions Pvt. Ltd.,| Dr.Mahajan's Hospital The StemRx BioScience Solutions Pvt. Ltd., is not offering stem cell therapy as a cure for any condition, disease or injury. No statements or treatments on this website have been evaluated or approved by the FDA. The StemRx BioScience Solutions Pvt. Ltd., is offering patient funded research to treat individual patients with their own autologous stem cells and is not involved in the use or manufacture of any investigational drugs.The StemRx BioScience Solutions Pvt. Ltd., does not claim that any applications or potential applications using these autologous stem cell treatments are approved by the FDA or are even effective. We do not claim that these treatments work for any listed nor unlisted condition, intended or implied. Any decision to participate in our patient funded experimental protocols is completely voluntary. By applying the regenerative powers of stem cells, StemRx Bio Science Solutions Pvt. Ltd achieves the target of halting the aging degenerative process, improving the quality of life of people willing to maintain a young look and a real rejuvenation in the inside, with better functioning, re-energized and healthy organs as well as StemRx Therapies bring the benefits of bioscience to patients who have been … Continue reading →

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IOVS | Orbital Fibroblasts From Graves' Orbitopathy …

Posted: Published on October 14th, 2015

Abstract Purpose: In Graves' orbitopathy (GO), inflammation and expansion of the retrobulbar tissue are the result of a pathophysiologic process in which orbital fibroblasts (GO-Fs) are considered the central cell type. However, in a previous study we observed that GO-Fs expressed some of the consensus surface markers described for mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC). In this study, we further elucidate the stem cell characteristics of GO-Fs by comparing them with orbital fat-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Methods: We enriched primary human GO-MSCs and GO-Fs simultaneously from the same retrobulbar fat biopsies obtained during decompression surgery of GO patients. The biological characteristics of donor-matched GO-MSCs and -Fs were compared along criteria that define MSC: fibroblast-like growth, MSC surface marker profile, multilineage differentiation potential, and immunomodulatory functions. Results: Application of a standardized isolation and expansion protocol yielded GO-MSCs, which showed plastic adherent fibroblast-like morphology and proliferated and produced hyaluronan similarly to GO-Fs. Both GO-MSCs and GO-Fs expressed orbital fat-derived stem cell surface markers CD29, CD44, CD71, CD73, CD90, CD105, and CD166 and were negative for CD31, CD34, CD45, CD146, and Stro-1 after ex vivo expansion. Further, GO-MSCs and GO-Fs displayed adipogenic, osteogenic, chondrogenic, myogenic, and neuronal differentiation, although GO-Fs with a lower capacity. In … Continue reading →

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Gene Medicine – Dolan DNA Learning Center

Posted: Published on October 14th, 2015

Description: Professor David Porteous predicts that gene medicines such as gene therapy will improve the effectiveness of treating psychiatric disorders. Transcript: I use the phrase 'gene medicine' to refer to medicines that are developed through gene knowledge. They come in lots of different forms. A classic form, if you like, is gene therapy where you actually use the gene itself as a form of therapeutic to manufacture a damaged protein that an individual may be lacking. But more broadly, and I think more relevant to the area of schizophrenia, is the idea of using gene knowledge to make more rational forms of treatment. Now just take the example of having identified a gene a risk factor in schizophrenia and that risk factor turns out to have something to do with the way in which we receive signals in the brain and that process is disordered. If we can understand that basis of that, we can start making much more finely tuned pharmaceuticals than we currently use and ones with far fewer side effects, which is one of the biggest problems in this area. So reducing side effects and improving the effectiveness of treatments is something which I believe will come … Continue reading →

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