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Nobel prize for medicine: Stem cells

Posted: Published on October 10th, 2012

About health & biology Stem cells can develop into many different kinds of cells as living things grow & promise new ways to cure disease. Photo shows how stem cells differentiate to form the cells of different organs in the body such as the heart and brain (Source: Wikipedia) The science book The Epigenetics Revolution (2011) explains the Nobel Prize-winning stem cells discoveries in greater detail. Click button to listen to Nobel Prize for Stem Cell Research download By Pia Ohlin (AFP) STOCKHOLM Shinya Yamanaka of Japan and John Gurdon of Britain won the Nobel Prize for work in cell programming, a frontier that has nourished dreams of replacement tissue for people crippled by disease. Their findings have revolutionised our understanding of how cells and organisms develop .... By reprogramming human cells, scientists have created new opportunities to study diseases and develop methods for diagnosis and therapy" [the Nobel jury declared on Monday]... Stem cells are precursor cells which differentiate into the various organs of the body. They have stirred huge excitement, with hopes that they can be coaxed into growing into replacement tissue for victims of Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and other diseases... See original here: Nobel prize for medicine: Stem … Continue reading →

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The New York Stem Cell Foundation announces $9 million to 6 new NYSCF-Robertson Investigators

Posted: Published on October 10th, 2012

Public release date: 10-Oct-2012 [ | E-mail | Share ] Contact: David McKeon dmckeon@nyscf.org 212-365-7440 New York Stem Cell Foundation NEW YORK, NY (October 10, 2012) The New York Stem Cell Foundation (NYSCF) named six of the most promising scientists as its 2012 NYSCF Robertson Investigators. Each Investigator will receive a $1.5 million award disbursed over the next five years to foster his or her innovative research by expanding laboratories and by training other scientists. Three of the scientists were named NYSCF Robertson Stem Cell Investigators, a program in its third year, and three were named NYSCF Robertson Neuroscience Investigators, a program in its second year. "These young Investigators truly undertake the most daring yet rewarding stem cell research. We are all honored to support the future investigations of these promising talents," said Susan L. Solomon, Chief Executive Officer of NYSCF. The Investigators were announced at NYSCF's Seventh Annual Translational Stem Cell Research Conference, held at The Rockefeller University in Manhattan. Designed to support scientists engaged in novel neuroscience and cutting-edge translational stem cell research, the two Investigator programs aid these researchers as they move beyond postdoctoral work and establish their own laboratories. The Investigator award builds on the previous … Continue reading →

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Brain Stem-Cell Implants Help Children With Rare Illness

Posted: Published on October 10th, 2012

Four boys with a rare and often fatal brain disease were implanted with stem cells that began fixing damage that impeded their ability to walk, talk and eat, a trial found. The findings, published today in the journal Science Translational Medicine, are from the first stage of human tests funded by StemCells Inc. (STEM), a Newark, California-based company. The children have a genetic disorder called Pelizaeus- Merzbacher, in which the brain cant make myelin, the fatty insulation for nerve cells that helps conduct brain signals. The children all had evidence of myelin growth a year later. The increased abilities shown by three of the boys in the University of California San Francisco study may bode well for other diseases caused by a lack of myelin insulation, including multiple sclerosis and cerebral palsy, the authors wrote. Those were severely impaired children, said Stephen Back, a professor of pediatrics and neurology at Portlands Oregon Health & Science University, in a telephone interview. The fact that they showed any neurological improvement is very encouraging. Back did work in mice that preceded todays work in humans, which he wasnt directly involved in. His study, published simultaneously, showed that the animals with no myelin at … Continue reading →

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StemGenex™ on Adult Stem Cell-Based Therapy for Multiple Sclerosis

Posted: Published on October 10th, 2012

LA JOLLA, Calif., Oct. 10, 2012 /PRNewswire/ --New research directions are being explored to find therapies for hard to treat diseases. One exciting new approach is the use of autologous Adult Stem Cells. Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is one of the many notable diseasesadult stem cell therapycould potentially impact. Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a disorder in which an individual's own immune system attacks the 'myelin sheath'. The myelin sheath serves to protect the nerve cells within the body's central nervous system (CNS). The damage caused by MS may result in many types of symptoms including: (Photo: http://photos.prnewswire.com/prnh/20121010/LA89802-INFO) Currently there is no cure for MS, but MS stem cell therapiesattempt to slow the disease's progression and limit symptoms. Since adult stem cells have the ability to differentiate into many different types of cells, such as those required for proper functioning and protection of nerve cells, the use of adult stem cells for MS therapy could be of substantial value. Adult stem cells can be isolated with relative ease from an individual's own 'adipose' (fat) tissue. As a result, adult stem cell therapy is not subject to the ethical or religious issues troubling embryonic methods. Encouragingly for MS treatment potential, scientific researchers have … Continue reading →

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CAPScall of the Week: Ampio Pharmaceuticals

Posted: Published on October 10th, 2012

For years, satirical late-night-TV host Stephen Colbert has been running a series on his show called "Better Know a District," which highlights one of the 435 U.S. congressional districts and its representative. While I am no Stephen Colbert, I am brutally inquisitive when it comes to the 5,000-plus listed companies on the U.S. stock exchanges. That's why I've made it a weekly tradition to examine one seldom-followed company within the Motley Fool CAPS database and make a CAPScall of outperform or underperform on that company. For this week's round of what I like to call "Better Know a Stock," I'd like to take a closer look at Ampio Pharmaceuticals (Nasdaq: AMPE) . What Ampio Pharmaceuticals does Ampio Pharmaceuticals is a clinical stage biopharmaceutical and diagnostics company focused on treating male sexual dysfunction, inflammation, eye disease, and metabolic disease. The company has a prime focus on utilizing existing drugs in new indications and with other drug combinations in order to keep costs low and hopefully expedite an approval from the Food and Drug Administration. As a clinical-stage company, Ampio has no FDA-approved drugs, but it does have an extensive pipeline of drug hopefuls. Its leading candidate is a late-stage orally disintegrating … Continue reading →

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Stem Cell Scientists Awarded Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine

Posted: Published on October 10th, 2012

Kyodo / Reuters Kyoto University Professor Shinya Yamanaka (left) and John Gurdon of the Gurdon Institute in Cambridge, England, at a symposium on induced pluripotent stem cells in Tokyo in April 2008 In a testament to the revolutionary potential of the field of regenerative medicine, in which scientists are able to create and replace any cells that are at fault in disease, the Nobel Prize committee on Monday awarded the 2012 Nobel in Physiology or Medicine to two researchers whose discoveries have made such cellular alchemy possible. The prize went to John B. Gurdon of the University of Cambridge in England, who was among the first to clone an animal, a frog, in 1962, and to Shinya Yamanaka of Kyoto University in Japan who in 2006 discovered the four genes necessary to reprogram an adult cell back to an embryonic state. Sir John Gurdon, who is now a professor at an institute that bears his name, earned the ridicule of many colleagues back in the 1960s when he set out on a series of experiments to show that the development of cells could be reversed. At the time, biologists knew that all cells in an embryo had the potential to … Continue reading →

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Charter Medical Launches New EXP-Pak(TM) Cell Expansion Containers for Cellular Therapy Applications

Posted: Published on October 10th, 2012

MANCHESTER, Conn., Oct. 9, 2012 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Charter Medical, Ltd., a division of Lydall, Inc., (LDL) announced today that it has recently launched the new EXP-Pak(TM) cell expansion containers intended for the expansion and culture of non-adherent cells. The launch of this exciting new product family allows Charter Medical to provide enabling technology critical to the rapidly growing cellular therapy market. The family of closed-system cell expansion containers offers a broad size range from 500mL to 5L and end-user validated cell expansion rates and recovery. Joe Petrosky, Vice President of Global Marketing and Sales for Charter Medical, stated, "We are excited with the launch of the EXP-Pak(TM) cell expansion product family. The EXP-Pak(TM) containers complement our closed-system solution approach and play a key role in supporting the development of new cellular therapies." Dale Barnhart, President and CEO of Lydall, stated, "I am pleased with the launch of this product family for cellular therapy which represents a strategic growth opportunity. It further demonstrates our commitment to being the global supplier of choice as we grow our presence in this emerging segment." About Lydall, Inc. Lydall, Inc. is a New York Stock Exchange listed company, headquartered in Manchester, Connecticut. The Company, … Continue reading →

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NeoStem Announces New Publication That Supports Positive Results of AMR-001 for Treatment of AMI

Posted: Published on October 10th, 2012

NEW YORK, Oct. 10, 2012 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- NeoStem, Inc. (NBS), an emerging leader in the fast growing cell therapy market, announced today that a new article published by the International Scholarly Research Network provides further evidence that AMR-001, NeoStem's lead product candidate through its Amorcyte subsidiary, appears capable of preserving heart muscle function following a large myocardial infarction. Amorcyte demonstrated in its Phase 1 trial that AMR-001 preserved heart muscle function when a therapeutic dose of cells was administered. No patient experienced a deterioration in heart muscle function who received 10 million cells or more whereas 30 to 40 percent of patients not receiving a therapeutic dose did. The new study shows that cardiac muscle function sparing effects are evident even earlier after treatment than previously shown. The article titled "Assessment of myocardial contractile function using global and segmental circumferential strain following intracoronary stem cell infusion after myocardial infarction: MRI Feature Tracking Feasibility Study" by Sabha Bhatti, MD, et al. appears in ISRN Radiology Volume 2013, Article ID 371028 and is published online at http://www.isrn.com/journals/radiology/2013/371028. The publication by Dr. Bhatti and colleagues, including Dr. Andrew Pecora, Chief Medical Officer of NeoStem, supports the finding that AMR-001 preserves heart function. … Continue reading →

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Synthetic liver enzyme could result in more effective drugs with fewer side effects

Posted: Published on October 10th, 2012

ScienceDaily (Oct. 9, 2012) Medicines could be made to have fewer side effects and work in smaller doses with the help of a new technique that makes drug molecules more resistant to breakdown by the human liver. Researchers based at Princeton University reported in the journal Science that they created a synthetic enzyme that acts as a catalyst to replace certain hydrogen atoms of a drug molecule with fluorine atoms. This swap stabilizes the molecule and makes it resistant to the liver enzymes that can inactivate a drug or create toxic byproducts. "Putting fluorine in place of hydrogen in a molecule tends to result in higher potency and lower toxicity," said first author Wei Liu, a graduate student in the laboratory of John Groves, Princeton's Hugh Stott Taylor Chair of Chemistry. Wei worked with Groves and second author Xiongyi Huang, a Princeton chemistry graduate student, as well as with Professor William Goddard III, researcher and lab director Robert Nielsen, and graduate student Mu-Jeng Cheng, all of the California Institute of Technology's Materials and Process Simulation Center. Substituting fluorine for hydrogen changes the ability of liver enzymes to modify a drug, Groves said. Those enzymes break down medicines and other foreign … Continue reading →

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Neutron Crystallography Aids Drug Design

Posted: Published on October 10th, 2012

Precisely tailored pharmaceuticals could reduce medical side effects LOS ALAMOS, N.M., Oct. 9, 2012 /PRNewswire-USNewswire/ --Researchers at Los Alamos National Laboratory have used neutron crystallography for the first time to determine the structure of a clinical drug in complex with its human target enzyme. Seeing the detailed structure of the bonded components provides insights into developing more effective drugs with fewer side effects for patients. (Photo: http://photos.prnewswire.com/prnh/20121009/DC89923 ) The atomic details of drug binding have been largely unknown due to the lack of key information on specific hydrogen atom positions and hydrogen bonding between the drug and its target enzyme. In this research, scientists used the drug acetazolamide (AZM) -- a sulfonamide drug that has been used for decades to treat a variety of diseases such as glaucoma, altitude sickness, and epilepsy. But when the drug binds with the wrong form (called an isoform) of the target enzyme for the disease, it can produce unpleasant side effects in patients (so called "off-target" drug binding). Enter neutron crystallography the use of neutron scattering to paint a picture of these bonds. By providing precise information on hydrogen bonding between target enzymes and the treatment drugs (carbon anhydrase II targeted by AZM in … Continue reading →

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